Drug Supplies in the American RevolutionGriffenhagen, George B.
History
Drug Supplies in the American Revolution
Griffenhagen, George B.
Pharmacy -- History -- United States; United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783 -- Medical and sanitary affairs
As we have noted, by the fall of 1776 Boston had become a better
source of supply of drugs than Philadelphia, although it had been
occupied by the British for nine months and Morgan had removed most of
the drugs left there the previous May. This was primarily due to a
single factor--the American privateer. British shipping was vulnerable
to the American privateers, which were fast vessels well suited to
this kind of enterprise. Well over 1,000 captures were made during the
war by Massachusetts privateers alone, and the arrivals of rich prize
ships at New England ports became frequent.[103]
The Greenleaf ledger confirms that drugs were included in some of
these prize ships. On December 14, 1776, Greenleaf records the receipt
of L62 from the Massachusetts government in payment for "an invoice of
Druggs taken from the prize ship Julius Caesar." Greenleaf received an
even larger stock "of druggs taken in the prize Brig Three Friends"
in March 1777. This was valued at over L170, and was also used by
Massachusetts to pay on its account with Greenleaf, largely for
outfitting its privateers.[104]
On June 30, 1777, J. G. Frazer of Boston wrote Dr. Potts, still at
Ticonderoga, as follows:[105]
I have the pleasure to give you this Early notice of a prize ship
being sent into Casco Bay last week with four tons of Jesuits Bark
on board for one valuable article besides a great quantity of other
stores for the British Army at New-York.
Brisk Business in Boston
A series of letters to Director General Potts from Apothecary Andrew
Craigie, who was on a purchasing trip through New England, gives us an
interesting glimpse into the situation. On August 29, 1777, Craigie
wrote Potts from Springfield[106] that he had just arrived from
Wethersfield where he purchased 222 pounds of bark of excellent
quality. He saw it weighed and repacked, and left the necessary
instructions for shipment to Albany. Having heard that "a quantity of
Bark & other articles are arrived at some eastern ports" Craigie took
off for Boston where he wrote Potts on September 1 as follows:[107]
I wrote you from Springfield aquainting you that I had engaged 222
lb. Bark at the Price [L5 per pound] Mr. Livingston mentioned to
you; it being very dear induced me to engage a less quantity than
you proposed 'til I should make enquiry here. I find to my great
mortification that it is 40/[shillings] less than that in
Wethersfield. I wish we could get clear of that engagement, and at
least think some adjustment should be made as I am informed it cost
Mr. Livingston who bought it at publick sale only 3 Pounds at which
price I expect to engage 1 or 200 lb. tomorrow.... In the morning I
go to Cape Anne about 40 miles from this, after medicines that have
lately arrived....
Recalling Stringer's long absence of the previous year, Craigie
concluded:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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