The wife may prevent conception by passing into the vagina the _occlusive pessary_ of _Dr. Mensinga_; if this do not remain in its place, she may rather use that named _Matrisalus_, which is more curved. If this also does not remain in its place, the husband should use the French Letter or condom. If, finally, the husband will not use these means, the wife may use the _tubular pessary_, or, for want of a better, the _sponge_. (This is the only method available in countries where there are no medical practitioners or other persons who know the business, and can choose and teach women how to place the pessaries.) These instruments, designed to cover the mouth of the womb, are not worn in the daytime. The wife may introduce them every evening (and by preference before the return of her husband). During the night they all may remain untouched, unless there be danger of the instrument being ill-placed. On the morrow, or in uncertain cases immediately after connection, a small injection should first be made, in order to cleanse away the greater part of the sperm, then the instrument should be withdrawn standing upright or kneeling; finally a full injection should be made use of to clear out thoroughly every corner of the organ. The pessary must then be cleaned carefully, and inspected to see that it is in good condition, wiped gently and put away in a drawer without wrapping it up. During menstruation the woman should entirely abstain from sexual relations. When, however, it should chance that, withdrawing the instrument she sees that the flow appears, it will be necessary for her to use energetic injections if she had sexual relation. The method which we mention for the use of women has the great advantage of permitting her to be free from care during the night; and it is also an essential point that the husband need not be consulted in the matter. If these instruments are well placed, the husband cannot perceive their employment by the wife. It is also requisite that the method does not at all annoy the wife; if they produce the slightest pain, it is because they are either ill-chosen or misplaced. Should the wife have any special disease of her organs, she should refrain from all connection until cure is effected; when there is doubt, she ought to consult a physician before employing such methods. The first instruction and choice of the instrument should be pointed out to the wife by a practitioner or by a midwife or by any other person acquainted with the matter. If such assistance be unobtainable, she may herself try to act under the following directions:—