_Class Name._ | _Materials on which to be used._ | | _How applied._ | | | _How developed._ | | | | _How finished._ | | | | I. Direct Cotton or Salt Colors: | Cotton, linen, and artificial silk. Rarely wool and silk. | | In boiling water, with addition of salt. | | | | By rinsing in water. | | | | II. Sulphur Colors: | Cotton and linen. Rarely silk. | | In hot or lukewarm water, with addition of soda, sodium | | sulphide, salt, and Turkey red oil. | | | By exposure to air after wringing. | | | | By washing in a hot soap bath, and rinsing. | | | | III. Indigo or Vat Colors: | Cotton and linen. Rarely silk. Also as stencil pastes on cotton | and linen. | | In hot or warm water, with addition of caustic soda and | | sodium hydrosulphite. | | | By exposure to air after wringing. Some colors must be | | | developed by boiling in a soap bath. | | | | By washing in a hot soap bath, and rinsing. | | | | Stencilled work, by steaming and washing in hot | | | | soap bath. | | | | IV. Basic Colors: | Raffia, straw, rattan, and basketry in general. Artificial silk. | Leather. Rarely wool and silk. Also as stencil pastes on cotton, | linen, and silk. | | In hot or warm water, with addition of a little acetic acid | | (vinegar). | | | | Raffia, etc., finished by rinsing in water. | | | | Leather by rubbing with wax when dry. Stencilled | | | | work, by steaming and passing through a weak bath | | | | of Tartar Emetic. | | | | V. Acid Colors: | Wool, silk, and feathers. Sometimes leather. Rarely rattan and | basketry. | | In hot or cold water with addition (for wool) of sulphuric | | acid and Glauber’s salt. For silk add soap and acid. For | | leather add a little acetic acid. For feathers add oxalic | | acid or formic acid. | | | | Wool needs very careful rinsing in water, to | | | | remove every trace of acid. Silk finished by | | | | a cold soap bath, followed by a weak bath of | | | | acetic acid. Leather finished with wax. Feathers | | | | finished with starch. | | | | CHAPTER III DIRECT COTTON OR SALT COLORS