Early American Scientific Instruments and Their MakersBedini, Silvio A.
History
Early American Scientific Instruments and Their Makers
Bedini, Silvio A.
Scientific apparatus and instruments
Although he was born in the 18th century, Amasa Holcomb (1787-1875)
properly belongs to a later period. An astronomer and telescope maker of
Southwick, Massachusetts, Holcomb became a surveyor in 1808. An
autobiographical sketch noted that "he manufactured about this time a
good many sets of surveyors instruments--compasses, chains, scales,
protractors and dividers, some for his pupils and some for others."[14]
Instruments of Metal
Pre-Revolutionary Immigrant Makers
According to present evidence, only a few makers of metal instruments
emigrated from England to the Colonies before the beginning of the
Revolutionary War. A slightly larger number emigrated after the war had
ended. In almost every instance, the immigrant instrument makers settled
in the major cities, which were the shipping centers of the new country.
The reason is obvious: in these cities there was the greatest demand for
nautical and other instruments.
One of the earliest immigrant instrument makers arrived in Boston in
1739. According to an advertisement that appeared in _The Boston
Gazette_ in the issue of July 16-23, 1739, there had
Arriv'd here by Capt. _Gerry_ from _London_ John Dabney, junr. who
serv'd his time to Mr. Jonathan Sisson, Mathematical Instrument
Maker to his Royal Highness, the Prince of Wales. Makes and sells
all sorts of Mathematical Instruments, in Silver, Brass, or Ivory,
at Reasonable Rates, at Mr. Rowland Houghton's Shop the north side
of the Town Huse in Boston.
N.B. Said Dabney, sets Loadstones to a greater Perfection than any
heretofore.
Dabney's master, Jonathan Sisson (1694-1749) originally of Lincolnshire,
with a shop in the Strand, London, was a well-known maker of optical and
mathematical instruments in the early decades of the 18th century. He
was particularly noted for the exact division of scales, and examples of
his work are to be found in the major collections.
Dabney's name appeared again several years later, in the Supplement to
the _Boston Evening Post_ for December 12, 1743, and again in the
_Boston Evening Post_ for December 19 of the same year, with the
following advertisement:
To be shown by John Dabney, Mathematical Instrument maker, in Milk
Street, Boston, on Monday, Tuesday and Thursday Evenings, from five
to eight o'clock, for the Entertainment of the Curious, the Magic
Lanthorn an Optick Machine, which exhibits a great Number of
wonderful and surprising Figures, prodigious large, and vivid, at
Half a Crown each, Old Tenor.
In New York City, one of the earliest immigrant instrument makers was
Charles Walpole, who established a shop at a corner in Wall Street,
according to a notice in the May 26, 1746, issue of the _New York
Evening Post_. The announcement stated that Walpole was a "citizen of
London" and that at his shop "all sorts of Mathematical Instruments,
whether in silver or brass, are made and mended...."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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