[Footnote 346: Marcellinus dwells upon the chopping seas which usually prevailed in the Straits; and of the rapid tide, which is also referred to by Ausonius (380), "Quum virides algas et rubra corallia nudat Aestus," etc.] [Footnote 347: To him is probably due the reconstruction of the "Vallum" as a defence against attacks from the south, such as the Scots were now able to deliver. See p. 207.] [Footnote 348: Marcellinus, 'Hist.' XXVIII. 3. See p. 202.] [Footnote 349: 'De Quarto Consulatu Honorii,' I. 31.] [Footnote 350: Theodosius married Galla, daughter of Valentinian I.] [Footnote 351: For the later migrations to Brittany see Elton's 'Origins,' p. 350. Samson, Archbishop of York, is said to have fled thither in 500, and settled at Dol. Sidonius Apollinaris speaks of Britons settled by the Loire.] [Footnote 352: 'In Primum Consulatum Stilichonis,' II. 247.] [Footnote 353: Alone amongst the legions it is not mentioned in the 'Notitia' as attached to any province.] [Footnote 354: 'Epithalamium Paladii,' 85.] [Footnote 355: The first printed edition was published 1552.] [Footnote 356: See p. 90.] [Footnote 357: _Portus Adurni_. Some authorities, however, hold this to be Shoreham, others Portsmouth, others Aldrington. The remaining posts are less disputed. They were Branodunum (Brancaster), Garianonum (Yarmouth), Othona (Althorne[?] in Essex), Regulbium (Reculver), Rutupiae (Richborough), Lemanni (Lyminge), Dubris (Dover), and Anderida.] [Footnote 358: There were six "Counts" altogether in the Western Empire, and twelve "Dukes." Both Counts and Dukes were of "Respectable" rank, the second in the Diocletian hierarchy.] [Footnote 359: See p. 237.] [Footnote 360: This word, however, may perhaps signify _Imperial_ rather than _London_.] [Footnote 361: Olympiodorus (A.D. 425).] [Footnote 362: 'Hist. Nov.' vi. 10. He is a contemporary authority.] [Footnote 363: Tennyson, 'Guinevere,' 594. The dragon standard first came into use amongst the Imperial insignia under Augustus, and the red dragon is mentioned by Nennius as already the emblem of Briton as opposed to Saxon. The mediaeval Welsh poems speak of the legendary Uther, father of Arthur, as "Pendragon," equivalent to Head-Prince, of Britain.] [Footnote 364: See Rhys, 'Celtic Britain,' pp. 116, 136.] [Footnote 365: Gildas (xxiii,) so calls him.] [Footnote 366: "The groans of the Britons" are said by Bede to have been forwarded to Aetius "thrice Consul," _i.e._ in 446, on the eve of the great struggle with Attila.] [Footnote 367: Nennius (xxviii.) so calls them, and they are commonly supposed to have been clinker-built like the later Viking ships. But Sidonius Apollinaris (455) speaks of them as a kind of coracle. See p. 37. "Quin et Armorici piratam Saxona tractus Sperabant, cui _pelle_ salum sulcare Britannum Ludus, et _assuto_ glaucum mare findere lembo." ('Carm.' vii. 86.)] [Footnote 368: See Elton, 'Origins,' ch. xii.]