[Footnote 369: Henry of Huntingdon, 'Hist. of the English,' ii. 1.] [Footnote 370: Nennius, xlix. This is the reading of the oldest MSS.; others are _Nimader sexa_ and _Enimith saxas_. The regular form would be _Nimap eowre seaxas_.] [Footnote 371: A coin of Valentinian was discovered in the Cam valley in 1890. On the reverse is a Latin Cross surrounded by a laurel wreath.] [Footnote 372: _Cymry_ signifies _confederate_, and was the name (quite probably an older racial appellation revived) adopted by the Western Britons in their resistance to the Saxon advance.] [Footnote 373: Arthur is first mentioned (in Nennius and the 'Life of Gildas') as a Damnonian "tyrant" (i.e. a popular leader with no constitutional status), fighting against "the kings of Kent." This notice must be very early--before the West Saxons came in between Devon and the Kentish Jutes. His early date is confirmed by his mythical exploits being located in every Cymric region--Cornwall, Wales, Strathclyde, and even Brittany.] [Footnote 374: The ambition of Henry V. for Continental dominion was undoubtedly thus quickened.] [Footnote 375: Procopius, 'De Bello Gothico,' iv. 20.] [Footnote 376: These presumably represent the Saxons, who were next-door neighbours to the Frisians of Holland. But Mr. Haverfield's latest (1902) map makes Frisians by name occupy Lothian.] [Footnote 377: Ptolemy's map shows how this error arose; Scotland, by some extraordinary blunder, being therein represented as an _eastward_ extension at right angles to England, with the Mull of Galloway as its northernmost point.] [Footnote 378: This fable probably arose from the mythical visit of Ulysses (see p. 64 _n_.), who, as Claudian ('In Rut.' i. 123) tells, here found the Mouth of Hades.] [Footnote 379: Procopius, 'De Bello Gothico,' ii. 6.] [Footnote 380: See my 'Alfred in the Chroniclers,' p. 6.] [Footnote 381: See p. 175.] [Footnote 382: See p. 168.] [Footnote 383: 'Anglo-Saxon Chronicle,' A. 491: "This year Ella and Cissa stormed Anderida and slew all that dwelt therein, so that not one Briton was there left."] [Footnote 384: Chester itself, one of the last cities to fall, is called "a waste chester" as late as the days of Alfred ('A.-S. Chron.,' A. 894).] [Footnote 385: In the districts conquered after the Conversion of the English there was no such extermination, the vanquished Britons being fellow-Christians.] [Footnote 386: For the British survival in the Fenland see my 'History of Cambs.,' III., § 11.] [Footnote 387: Romano-British relics have been found in the Victoria Cave, Settle.] [Footnote 388: 'Comm. on Ps. CXVI.' written about 420 A.D.] [Footnote 389: 'Epist. ad. Corinth.' 5.] [Footnote 390: Catullus, in the Augustan Age, refers to Britain as the "extremam Occidentis," and Aristides (A.D. 160) speaks of it as "that great island opposite Iberia."]