Carriages and carts; Communication and traffic; Great Britain -- Social life and customs; Vehicles -- History
On some roads the old slow coaches remained; as late as the year 1798
the Telegraph left Gosport at one o’clock in the morning and reached
Charing Cross at eight in the evening, thus occupying nineteen hours
over a journey of 80 miles; a speed of little over four miles an hour.
In 1792 sixteen mail coaches left London daily; and seven years later
these had increased to about eighty.
REGULATIONS FOR MAIL AND STAGE COACHES.
During George III’s reign, three Acts of Parliament had been passed
defining the number of outside passengers that any stage coach might
carry, and making other regulations in the public interest; these three
Acts were repealed by a fourth placed on the statute book in 1810,
which enacted that any “coach, berlin, landau, chariot, diligence,
calash, chaise-marine or other four-wheeled vehicle,” employed as
a public carriage and drawn by four horses might carry ten outside
passengers including the guard but not the coachman; that only one
person might share the box with the coachman; and of the remaining
nine, three should sit in front and six behind. No passenger might sit
on the baggage. Stages drawn by two or three horses might carry not
more than five outside passengers; “long coaches” or “double-bodied
coaches” might carry eight.
The social distinction between “inside” and the “outside” is betrayed
by a clause of this law which forbade any outside passenger to travel
inside unless with the consent of one inside passenger; and the
“inside” who gave consent was to have the “outside” placed next him.
This Act also prescribed important limitations to the height of
coaches: neither passenger nor luggage might be carried on the roof of
any coach the top of which was over 8 feet 9 inches from the ground and
whose width was under 4 feet 6 inches measured from the centre of one
wheel track to the centre of the other. On a four-horse coach 8 feet 9
inches high the baggage might be piled to a height of two feet; on one
drawn by two or three horses, to a height of eighteen inches. As it was
considered expedient to encourage low-hung coaches with the view of
attaining greater immunity from accidents, it was legal to pile baggage
up to a height of 10 feet 9 inches from the ground. Any passenger might
require any turnpike keeper to count the “outsides” or to measure
the height of the luggage on the roof. At a later date the fast mail
coaches were prohibited by the Post-master General from carrying any
baggage at all on the roof.
MAIL COACH PARADE ON THE KING’S BIRTHDAY.
Mr. Thrupp gives the following description of the mail coaches as they
appeared at the “King’s Birthday Parade,” an interesting display which
appears to have been held for the first time in the year 1799, and
which remained an annual function until 1835. The coaches assembled
in Lincoln’s Inn Fields, and drove through the streets past St. James’
Palace and back to the General Post Office, then in Lombard Street:—
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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