was a German hymn-book translated into English in 1795. FOOTNOTES: [3] Hausmann, “_German American Hymnology 1683-1800_,” in _Americana Germanica_ (hereafter, Am. Ger.) 1898, Vol. II, No. 3, p. II. [4] The material for this sketch was obtained in great part from Seidensticker’s, _Geschichtsblaetter_ (_Bilder aus der Deutsch-Pennsylvanischen Geschichte_) pp. 34 ff. Also M. D. Learned. Life of Francis Daniel Pastorious. [5] Cf. Seidensticker. _Geschichtsblaetter_, p. 87 ff. [6] S. Pennypacker. _Hymn Book of the Hermits of the Wissahickon_ (_Penn. Mag. of History_ Vol. XXV, p. 338.) [7] Seidensticker. _Geschichtsblaetter_ p. 91. [8] For this sketch cf. Seidensticker. _Geschichtsblaetter_, pp. 91-100. [9] _Penn. Mag. of History_, Vol. XXV, p. 338. [10] Cf. Seidensticker, _Geschichtsblaetter_, p. 89. [11] Cf. Seidensticker, _Geschichtsblaetter_, p. 100. [12] Seidensticker, _Geschichtsblaetter_, p. 102. [13] T. H. Sachse, _Music of the Ephrata Cloister_, p. 29 [hereafter, “_Sachse_.”] [14] _Amer. Ger._ Vol. II, No. 3, p. 19. Dubbs, p. 9. [15] Sachse, p. 22. [16] Sachse, p. 29. (For further information on this subject consult the works quoted above.) [17] Dubbs, p. 18 ff. [18] _Am. Ger._ Vol. II, No. 3, p. 39. [19] Dubbs, p. 21. [20] Dubbs, p. 25. [21] Dubbs, p. 21. [22] Dubbs, p. 21. [23] A. A. Seipt. “Schwenkfelder Hymnology” (_Americana Germanica_ vol. 7.) [24] Dubbs, p. 16. [25] Dubbs, p. 25. [26] Dubbs, p. 21. [27] Dubbs, p. 25. CHAPTER II. CHURCH MUSIC AND THE MANNER OF ITS PERFORMANCE. It has already been mentioned that there were many German hymn-writers in Philadelphia in the early eighteenth century, and it is now in place to consider what was the quality of the music in the German churches at that period, and whether musical instruments of any kind were used in the Philadelphia churches. For the first record it is necessary to go a little beyond Philadelphia to the Hermits of the Wissahickon. To this people undoubtedly belongs the honor of first using instrumental music in religious services. Of their voyage across the Atlantic, Kelpius says: “We had also prayer meetings and sang hymns of praise and joy, several of us accompanying on instruments that we had brought from London.”[28] Evidently the instruments which they brought with them were not satisfactory or were regarded as inadequate for the worship of God, as Kelpius in a letter to friends in London asked that two clavichords with additional strings might be sent.[29] Again the Hermits at the consecration of the new Swedish church--Gloria Dei--July 2, 1700, act as choristers and furnish instrumental music.[30] The first German minister ordained in this country was Justus Falckner, who was consecrated by the Swedish Lutherans. In a letter to Rev. Heinrich Muhlen, of Holstein (1701), Falckner shows that, even at that early day, music was considered an important adjunct of the church service. He says: