The most common of all these initials is the one which occurs on
the title-page of the _Doctrinal de Sapience_, and of this we have
preferred the Geneva copy. The French composition which is known as
the January and May L, and is much more insipid, would appear to have
been most popular, recurring in a great many books both of Paris and
Lyons. Another L frequently seen, of which Mr. Pollard in his _Early
Illustrated Books_ gives a copy, was first used for the _Livre du
Faulcon_; the top of the letter curves down to end in the head of some
imaginary bird, between the two grotesque profiles. In some books this
part has been removed, the letter presenting the appearance of having
been cut down.
Of our selections, the L with two heads on the left and a collection of
dragons on the right, one of which is disgorging a fool complete with
cap, bells, and _marotte_, is from the title-page of a Melusine, but
is met with in other books. The letter with the two heads, a monkey and
two birds, which occurs also in other publications, was taken from the
_Somme Rurale_ of Pierre Boutellier. The L with only one human head
and a bird separated by the head and neck of an imaginary reptile can
be seen in _Demandes d’Amour_, _Le Cordial_, _Les Quinze_, _Joies de
Marriage_, _Le Doctrinal des Femmes mariées_. As to the initial with
Eve, it is to be found on the title-page of the _Livre des Marchands_,
of the _Legende Dorée_, as well as on some others.
As a last example of these large calligraphic letters, we give the
large L with three profiles.
In an entirely different style is a magnificent Q on a black ground,
representing St. George and the Dragon, from an edition of the _Mer des
Hystoires_ by Michel Topie, without doubt one of the most effective
of the Lyons initials. There is a well-cut A at the commencement of
Breidenbach’s _Sainct voyage de la cité de Hierusalem_, which Claudin
attributes to Gaspard Ortuin. This book contains the first specimens of
Arabic characters printed in France.
We now come to a series of letters from the missal of Pierre Hongre of
1500, some of which had been used in the missal of Uzès, published by
Jean Neumeister and Michel Topie in 1497. This lending or hiring of
typographical ornaments was very common amongst Lyons printers, as can
be seen by a comparison of the books of different publishers, and as is
proved by an agreement of the time, between Michel Topie and an Angevin
printer, discovered by the Abbé Requin amongst some old notarial deeds.
The letters of Pierre Hongre’s missal represent, as usual, Biblical
scenes, and although of an archaic type, the attitudes are true, and
they are animated by a sincere and artistic sentiment. The subjects of
the different letters speak for themselves. The T, as usual, is the
sacrifice of Abraham; the C the martyrdom of St. Stephen; the D the
Nativity, etc.
Many of these are to be found afterwards in other missals, such as the
missals _Narbone_, _Aquensis_, _Matisconensis_, etc.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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