Earth Features and Their Meaning: An Introduction to Geology for the Student and the General ReaderHobbs, William Herbert
Science
Earth Features and Their Meaning: An Introduction to Geology for the Student and the General Reader
Hobbs, William Herbert
Geology; Physical geography
=The diamonds of the drift.=—Of considerable popular, even if not
economic, interest are the diamonds which have been sown in the drift
after long and interrupted journeyings with the ice from some unknown
home far to the northward in the wilderness of Canada. The first stone
to be discovered was taken by workmen from a well opening near the
little town of Eagle in Wisconsin in the year 1876. Its nature not
being known, it remained where it was found as a curiosity only, and it
was not until 1883 that it was taken to Milwaukee and sold to a jeweler
equally ignorant of its value, and for the merely nominal sum of one
dollar. Later recognized as a diamond of the unusual weight of sixteen
carats, it was sold to the Tiffanys and became the cause of a long
litigation which did not end until the Supreme Court of Wisconsin had
decided that the Milwaukee jeweler, and not the finder, was entitled to
the price of the stone, since he had been ignorant of its value at the
time of purchase.
[Illustration:
FIG. 333.—Shapes and approximate natural sizes of some of the more
important diamonds from the Great Lakes region of the United States. In
order from left to right these figures represent the Eagle diamond of
sixteen carats, the Saukville diamond of six and one half carats, the
Milford diamond of six carats, the Oregon diamond of four carats, and
the Burlington diamond of a little over two carats.]
An even larger diamond, of twenty-one carats weight, was found at
Kohlsville, and smaller ones at Oregon, Saukville, Burlington, and Plum
Creek in the state of Wisconsin; at Dowagiac in Michigan; at Milford in
Ohio, and in Morgan and Brown counties in Indiana. The appearance of
some of the larger stones in their natural size and shape may be seen
in Fig. 333.
While the number of the diamonds sown in the drift is undoubtedly
large, their dispersion is such that it is little likely they can be
profitably recovered. The distribution of the localities at which
stones have thus far been found is set forth upon Fig. 334. Obviously
those that have been found are the ones of larger size, since these
only attract attention. In 1893, when the finding of the Oregon stone
drew attention to these denizens of the drift, the writer prophesied
that other stones would occasionally be discovered under essentially
the same conditions, and such discoveries are certain to continue in
the future.
[Illustration:
FIG. 334.—Glacial map of a portion of the Great Lakes region,
showing the unglaciated area and the areas of older and newer drift.
The driftless area, the moraines of the later ice invasion, and the
distribution of diamond localities upon the latter are also shown.
With the aid of the directions of striæ some attempt has been made to
indicate the probable tracks of more important diamonds, which tracks
converge in the direction of the Labrador peninsula.]
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