Approximate determination of an origin—Earthquake-hunting in Japan—Determinations by direction of motion—Direction indicated by destruction of buildings—Direction determined by rotation—Cause of rotation—The use of time observations—Errors in such observations—Origin determined by the method of straight lines—The method of circles, the method of hyperbolas, the method of co-ordinates—Haughton’s method—Difference in time between sound, earth, and water waves—Method of Seebach 187 CHAPTER XI. THE DEPTH OF AN EARTHQUAKE CENTRUM. The depth of an earthquake centrum—Greatest possible depth of an earthquake—Form of the focal cavity 213 CHAPTER XII. DISTRIBUTION OF EARTHQUAKES IN SPACE AND TIME. General distribution of earthquakes—Occurrence along lines—Examples of distribution—Italian earthquake of 1873—In Tokio—Extension of earthquake boundaries—Seismic energy in relation to geological time; to historical time—Relative frequency of earthquakes—Synchronism of earthquakes—Secondary earthquakes 226 CHAPTER XIII. DISTRIBUTION OF EARTHQUAKES IN TIME (_continued_) 234 CHAPTER XIV. DISTRIBUTION OF EARTHQUAKES IN TIME (_continued_). The occurrence of earthquakes in relation to the position of the heavenly bodies—Earthquakes and the moon—Earthquakes and the sun; and the seasons; the months—Planets and meteors—Hours at which earthquakes are frequent—Earthquakes and sun spots—Earthquakes and the aurora 250 CHAPTER XV. BAROMETRICAL FLUCTUATIONS AND EARTHQUAKES—FLUCTUATIONS IN TEMPERATURE AND EARTHQUAKES 266 CHAPTER XVI. RELATION OF SEISMIC TO VOLCANIC PHENOMENA. Want of synchronism between earthquakes and volcanic eruptions—Synchronism between earthquakes and volcanic eruptions—Conclusion 270 CHAPTER XVII. THE CAUSE OF EARTHQUAKES. Modern views respecting the cause of earthquakes—Earthquakes due to faulting—To explosions of steam—To volcanic evisceration—To chemical degradation—Attractive influence of the heavenly bodies—The effect of oceanic tides—Variation in atmospheric pressure—Fluctuation in temperature—Winds and earthquakes—Rain and earthquakes—Conclusion 277 CHAPTER XVIII. PREDICTION OF EARTHQUAKES.