In draining the site of an embankment in peat soil, it is advisable first to ascertain the depth to which trenches can be cut without the sides falling in. It generally varies from about 1 foot 6 inches to 3 feet. As the ground becomes firmer the drains can be deepened if required. The width should not be less than 2 feet 6 inches to 3 feet. Cross drains can be cut at every 20 to 40 feet according to the state of the soil. Peat usually drains freely at the surface when its level is not at or below the water-bearing line of the country. A successful method of thoroughly draining the surface of peat moorland is to first make a drain about 1 foot 6 inches in width and the depth of an ordinary spade, and leave it for a time until the top soil to that depth becomes firmer, then repeat the operation until a depth of 3 feet is obtained, the sides being excavated to a perpendicular face, the top turf being carefully cut and stacked upon the surface to dry. Along the centre of the bottom of the trench a small cut is made about 1 foot in depth and 6 inches in width, leaving a 6-inch ledge upon each side, then the dry stacked turf 1 foot 6 inches in width previously excavated, is placed upon the ledge, the grass downwards and the layers reversed in rotation to the order in which they were excavated. This system in moss peat land is cheaper and better than tile or rough stone drains, as they often settle unequally. The underneath drain will not close up provided the excavated turf is carefully deposited, and water will not disintegrate the peat. These drains should be cut about 20 feet apart. A more extensive system may be necessary, and a comparatively large area may be required to be drained in order to obtain a firm foundation and to prevent breaking away of the ground. In such event the first drain on each side parallel to an embankment should be at a distance from the centre line of the formation at least equal to the bottom width of an embankment, and as deep as the soil will allow, so as to drain the land within the fences. A cut should also be made outside the fencing at a distance of not less than 10 feet from the inside drain, to catch the surface waters and prevent their flowing upon the enclosed land. Cross drains may be required at intervals of from 15 to 50 feet according to the character and depth of the bog. The sides of the open drains may require to be supported. Branches of trees and rough fascine work laid in them have been used to an extent so as not to interfere with the flow; and when a spoil or fence bank has to be deposited it should be made a reasonable distance from the drains or they may become closed.