position is due to its occupying the only available spot, and where only two walls wanted building. A similar case occurs at Rochester. Where the Abbey built the Lady Chapel it was usually east of the transept--at the east end if there was room, at the north side if otherwise."[9] The parishioners could not erect their Lady Chapel at the east end, because the choir or presbytery had been used as the monastic church from the days of Henry II., who, to atone for the massacre of Thomas a Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, changed the secular foundation of Harold, and introduced an abbot and monks of the Augustinian order. Another Lady Chapel had probably been erected at the east end for the use of the monks, in accordance with the custom of the age, but this shared the destruction which befell the whole of the eastern portion of the church after the dissolution of the monastery in 1540. The preservation of the parish Lady Chapel is therefore due to its position at the west of the presbytery. In a transcript by Peter le Neve, Norroy King at Arms, 1698, it is stated that a chapel was dedicated at Waltham in the year 1188, by William de Vere, Bishop of Hereford, "in honore Dei [et gloriosae Virginis Mariae] et B. Martyris atque pontificis Thomae nomine."[10] This has led to the conjecture that reference is made to the existing building,[11] or to that which formerly stood at the east end.[12] But the original Waltham manuscript shows that it does not refer to a Lady Chapel at all, but to the Chapel of S. Thomas of Canterbury.[13] [Footnote 9: W. H. St. John Hope, F.S.A.] [Footnote 10: Harl. MS. 6974, fol. 106.] [Footnote 11: Gentleman's Magazine, April, 1860, and May, 1864.] [Footnote 12: The Builder, April 2, 1898.] [Footnote 13: Harl. MS. 391, fol. 100.] The masonry of the exterior of the two walls erected when the Chapel was founded, consists of alternating bands of stone, squared bricks, and flint, so that it produces a "poly-chromatic effect."[14] There are three large buttresses of considerable projection, with pedimented sets-off and slopes, one being situated at the south-west angle, and the other two on the south of the building. Two smaller buttresses also occupy a place on the south. Niches, with pedestals for images, are still standing in the primary buttresses. [Footnote 14: Professor Freeman.]