Ecclesiastical History of England, Volume 2—The Church of the CommonwealthStoughton, John
History
Ecclesiastical History of England, Volume 2—The Church of the Commonwealth
Stoughton, John
Great Britain -- Church history
Baxter mentions only five, in addition to the larger religious parties.
He describes the minor sects as Vanists, Seekers, Ranters, Quakers,
and Behmenists. With all his power of analysis, however, he very
unsatisfactorily performs his task; for it is idle to represent Vane
as the founder of a sect, and the chief reason why the Kidderminster
polemic placed him in this category seems to be, that he honestly
disliked the man, and that he had been "a means to lessen his
reputation."[391] The account of the Seekers, many of whom, according
to his statement, were "Papists and Infidels," runs into that of the
Ranters. The Quakers he describes as Ranters, turned from profaneness
and blasphemy to asceticism. With the writings of Jacob Behmen it
appears that Baxter had little acquaintance. But he mentions, as chief
of the English Behmenists, one Pordage, who had "sensible communion
with angels," who was acquainted with spirits "by sights and smells,"
who fought fiery dragons, and who saw an impression upon the wall
of his house representing a coach drawn by lions and tigers, which
could not be removed without pickaxes.[392] The record of such idle
rumours, whilst it does not raise our opinion of Baxter as a historian
of religious sects--for the man he describes seems to have been a
lunatic--gives some little insight into the psychological curiosities
of the times, and brings us into acquaintance with "spiritualists" of
the seventeenth century.
[Sidenote: _Number of Sects._]
Besides Episcopalians, Presbyterians, Independents, Baptists, and
Quakers, there were no sects, properly so called--no groups of
professing Christians distinctly organized. Socinianism, however,
existed. John Biddle--who has been already noticed in connection with
the proceedings of Cromwell's first Parliament--contended, at a public
disputation in St. Paul's with Griffin, a Baptist minister, that Christ
was not the Most High God, and this man never lost an opportunity of
avowing Unitarian sentiments.[393] But he founded no party, nor are
there traces of any separate congregations under the Commonwealth
maintaining similar views. There was also much floating mysticism.
The theology of Jacob Behmen, through an "Account of his Life and
Writings," written in English, produced some effect in this country.
The spiritualism of that extraordinary person--akin to the "Theologia
Germanica"--anticipated in "Tauler's Sermons"--and possessing some
affinity to certain Lutheran principles, fed the devotion of English
transcendentalists. Notwithstanding its errors and visionary fancies,
on its better side it nourished a spirit of self-abnegation, protested
against formality, exposed the dangers of dogmatical dispute, opposed
High Calvinism, and pronounced millenarian speculations as of little
profit. And, independently of all foreign culture, mysticism, deeply
rooted in humanity, grew freely on Anglo-Saxon soil; not always
with quiet grace, as in the Cambridge school under the husbandry of
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account