§ 6.# Varying extent of the use of money#. Trade by the use of money at no time has become the exclusive method. Barter still lingers to-day.[3] The extent to which, on an average, money is used in different parts of the world differs widely. The use of money in Siberia is less than in European Russia, and its use is less there than in western Europe. The use of money as compared with barter is generally much greater in the cities than in the rural districts. In the cities of Mexico not only money, but banks and credit agencies are in general use; whereas the rural districts are more backward and make far more use of barter than is the case in the United States. At the ports in the cities of China, India, and South America the use of money may be very like that in European cities; but go a little way into the interior of these countries and conditions as to the use of money change greatly. However, the comparative per capita amounts of money (in terms of American dollars) in circulation in different countries is far from being a true index of their industrial development or of their commercial activity. Indeed, beyond a certain point the larger average amount of money in circulation in a country may indicate backwardness in the development of banks and other credit agencies rather than greater amount of wealth or of business. Notice, for example, the medium position of the great commercial countries, Germany and the United Kingdom, as compared with other countries above and below them in the following list. PER CAPITA CIRCULATION OF MONEY IN LEADING COUNTRIES DECEMBER 31, 1912. France..................$48.91 America (U.S.)..........$32.98 Australia............... 38.45 Portugal................ 29.46 Canada.................. 33.57 Netherlands............. 26.86 Switzerland............. 24.32 Mexico.................. 9.17 Germany................. 21.36 Finland................. 8.38 United Kingdom.......... 21.21 Chile................... 8.24 Spain................... 19.96 Turkey.................. 7.09 Brazil.................. 18.79 Russia.................. 6.45 Denmark................. 17.73 Japan................... 5.68 Belgium................. 15.83 Bulgaria................ 5.57 Austria-Hungary......... 14.68 Serbia.................. 5.49 Rumania................. 13.24 Venezuela............... 5.51 Italy................... 13.09 India (British)......... 5.19 South Africa............ 12.93 Ecuador................. 4.62 Norway.................. 12.50 Peru.................... 3.17 Sweden.................. 11.59 Colombia................ 2.32 Greece.................. 11.02 Paraguay................ .57