Education; Educational psychology; Moral education
Although both older and younger children are important, contemporaries
are far more so, at any rate from the age of four onwards. Behaviour
to equals is what most needs to be learnt. Most of the inequalities in
the existing world are artificial, and it would be a good thing if our
behaviour ignored them. Well-to-do people imagine themselves superior
to their cooks, and behave to them in a different way from that in
which they behave in society. But they feel inferior to a Duke, and
treat him in a way which shows a lack of self-respect. In both cases
they are wrong: the cook and the Duke should both be felt and treated
as equals. In youth, age makes a hierarchy which is not artificial;
but for that very reason the social habits which will be desirable in
later life are best learnt by associating with contemporaries. Games of
all kinds are better among equals, and so is school competition. Among
schoolfellows, a boy has that degree of importance which is accorded
to him by their judgment; he may be admired or despised, but the issue
depends upon his own character and prowess. Affectionate parents
create a too indulgent milieu; parents without affection create one
where spontaneity is repressed. It is only contemporaries who can give
scope for spontaneity in free competition and in equal co-operation.
Self-respect without tyranny, consideration without slavishness, can
be learnt best in dealing with equals. For these reasons, no amount of
parental solicitude can give a boy or girl the same advantages at home
as are to be enjoyed in a good school.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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