XXVI. THE EFFECT OF EASTERN TRAVEL ON BELIEF 244 XXVII. THE HISTORICAL METHOD OF INTERPRETATION 257 XXVIII. THE DELTA—DISAPPEARANCE OF ITS MONUMENTS 266 XXIX. POST-PHARAOHNIC TEMPLES IN UPPER EGYPT 285 XXX. THE RATIONALE OF THE MONUMENTS 290 XXXI. THE WISDOM OF EGYPT, AND ITS FALL 299 XXXII. EGYPTIAN LANDLORDISM 328 XXXIII. CASTE 332 XXXIV. PERSISTENCY OF CUSTOM IN THE EAST 337 XXXV. ARE ALL ORIENTALS MAD? 341 XXXVI. THE KORAN 345 XXXVII. ORIENTAL PRAYER 349 XXXVIII. PILGRIMAGE 355 XXXIX. ARAB SUPERSTITIONS.—THE EVIL EYE 359 XL. ORIENTAL CLEANLINESS 365 XLI. WHY ORIENTALS ARE NOT REPUBLICANS 370 XLII. POLYGAMY—ITS CAUSE 374 XLIII. HOURIISM 381 XLIV. CAN ANYTHING BE DONE FOR THE EAST? 389 XLV. ACHMED TRIED IN THE BALANCE WITH HODGE 396 XLVI. WATER-JARS AND WATER-CARRIERS 402 XLVII. WANT OF WOOD IN EGYPT, AND ITS CONSEQUENCES 405 XLVIII. TREES IN EGYPT 410 XLIX. GARDENING IN EGYPT 414 L. ANIMAL LIFE IN EGYPT.—THE CAMEL 417 LI. THE ASS.—THE HORSE 424 LII. THE DOG.—THE UNCLEAN ANIMAL.—THE BUFFALO.—THE OX.—THE GOAT AND THE SHEEP.—FERÆ NATURÆ 428 LIII. BIRDS IN EGYPT 436 LIV. THE EGYPTIAN TURTLE 441 LV. INSECT PLAGUES 443 LVI. THE SHADOOF 445 LVII. ALEXANDRIA 448 LVIII. CAIRO 458 LIX. THE CANALIZATION OF THE ISTHMUS 472 LX. CONCLUSION 494 [Illustration: EGYPT] EGYPT OF THE PHARAOHS, AND OF THE KHEDIVÉ. CHAPTER I. EGYPT AND THE NILE. Quodque fuit campus, vallem decursus aquarum Fecit.—OVID.