[Sidenote: Repeat Map No. 3.] [Sidenote: 41. Madras from the Sea.] [Sidenote: 42. The High Court, Madras.] [Sidenote: 43. St. Mary’s Church, Madras.] [Sidenote: 44. The Law College, Madras.] [Sidenote: 45. Y.M.C.A. Building, Madras.] Northward of the group of temple cities, and eastward of the Nilgiris and of the plateau country of Mysore, on the low coastal plain is the great city of Madras, four hundred miles from our landing place at Tuticorin. Like the other seaports of modern India, Madras has grown from the smallest beginning within the European period. Its nucleus was Fort St. George, built to shelter the office and warehouse of the East India Company, in the time when Charles I. was king of England. To-day Madras has half a million people, and magnificent buildings in the European style. We have here a view looking northeastward over a corner of Fort St. George, and across the public grounds, to the High Court of Justice, whose lofty tower serves the purpose of a lighthouse for ships approaching the port. To the right of the High Court in the distance are the buildings round the harbour. Next we have St. Mary’s Church, standing within Fort St. George, the oldest British church in India, though the present structure was erected to replace an earlier church. And here we have the Law College, which stands beside the High Court, and close to it the building of the Young Men’s Christian Association. There are many Christians in southern India among the natives, indeed more than in any other part of the Indian Empire, although even here they are but a small minority. One Christian community on the Malabar coast is of the Nestorian sect, who came to India many centuries before the sea route was opened round the Cape. [Sidenote: 46. Madras Bank.] [Sidenote: 47. The People’s Park, Madras.] [Sidenote: 48. Banyan Tree.] [Sidenote: 49. The Same.] Madras has a Corporation much after the European plan, and is a clean, well drained city with many public amenities. Here, for instance, is the electric tramway in front of the Madras Bank. Here we have a view in the People’s Park, with a group of sambur within an enclosure. One of the most remarkable and typical of ornamental trees in India is the banyan, with drooping branches, whose suckers take root when reach the ground, giving the effect of a grove, though in fact but a single tree. [Sidenote: 50. Banyan Avenue.] Here is a banyan tree seen from without and from within, and here a banyan avenue at Madras. [Sidenote: 51. Grain Sellers, Madras.] [Sidenote: 52. Men ploughing, Madras.] [Sidenote: 53. Covered Bullock Cart, Madras.] Before leaving Madras, let us look at three scenes of native life. Here are grain sellers, and here, outside the city, are men ploughing. Here we see the typical covered bullock cart.