[19] Such proneness has the mind to this communication of properties, that we often find properties ascribed to a related object, of which naturally it is not susceptible. Sir Richard Greenville in a single ship being surprised by the Spanish fleet, was advised to retire. He utterly refused to turn from the enemy; declaring, “he would rather die, than dishonour himself, his country, and her Majesty’s ship.” _Hakluyt, vol. 2. part 2. p. 169._ To aid the communication of properties in such instances, there always must be a momentary personification. A ship must be imagined a sensible being, to make it susceptible of honour or dishonour. In the battle of Mantinea, Epaminondas being mortally wounded, was carried to his tent in a manner dead. Recovering his senses, the first thing he inquired about was his shield; which being brought, he kissed it as the companion of his valour and glory. It must be remarked, that among the Greeks and Romans it was deemed infamous for a soldier to return from battle without his shield. [20] See chap. 1. [21] See Essays on morality and natural religion, part 1. ess. 2. ch. 5. [22] Lib. 7. cap. 36. [23] Aulus Gellius, lib. 5. cap. 14. [24] Brasidas being surprised by the bite of a mouse he had catched, let it slip out of his fingers. “No creature (says he) is so contemptible, but what may provide for its own safety, if it have courage to defend itself.” _Plutarch. Apothegmata._ [25] Spectator, Nº 439. [26] Part 1. sect. 1. of the present chapter. [27] At quæ Polycleto defuerunt, Phidiæ atque Alcameni dantur. Phidias tamen diis quam hominibus efficiendis melior artifex traditur: in ebore vero longe citra æmulum, vel si nihil nisi Minervam Athenis, aut Olympium in Elide Jovem fecisset, cujus pulchritudo adjecisse aliquid etiam receptæ religioni videtur; adeo majestas operis Deum æquavit. _Quintilian, lib. 12. cap. 10. § 1._ [28] See part 7. of this chapter. [29] See the place above cited. [30] Essays on the principles of morality and natural religion, part 1. ess. 2. chap. 1. [31] See the introduction. [32] See this point explained afterwards, chap. 9. [33] See the appendix, containing definitions and explanation of terms, sect. 33. [34] Chap. 6. [35] See chap. 14. [36] It is easier to conceive the manner of coexistence of similar emotions, than to describe it. They cannot be said to mix or incorporate like concordant sounds. Their union is rather of agreement or concord; and therefore I have chosen the words in the text, not as sufficient to express clearly the manner of their coexistence, but only as less liable to exception than any other I can find. [37] Chap. 18. sect. 3. [38] Chap. of epic and dramatic compositions. [39] See part 2. of the present chapter, toward the close. [40] Canto 20. st. 97. [41] Chap. 1. [42] See part 1. sect. 1. of the present chapter. [43] Herodotus, book 7. [44] Act 2. sc. 6. [45] Act 3. sc. 8. [46] Part 1. of this chapter, sect. 3.