Elements of Criticism, Volume II.Kames, Henry Home, Lord
Philosophy
Elements of Criticism, Volume II.
Kames, Henry Home, Lord
Criticism; Literary style
A great stone that I happened to find after a long search by the
sea-shore, served me for an anchor.
_Gulliver’s Travels, part 1. chap. 8._
One would think that the search was confined to the sea-shore; but as
the meaning is, that the great stone was found by the sea-shore, the
period ought to be arranged thus:
A great stone, that, after a long search, I happened to find by the
sea-shore, served me for anchor.
Next of a wrong arrangement where the sense is left doubtful; beginning,
as in the former sort, with examples of the wrong arrangement of words
in a member.
These forms of conversation _by degrees_ multiplied and grew
troublesome.
_Spectator_, Nº 119.
Here it is left doubtful whether the modification _by degrees_ relate to
the preceding member or to what follows. It should be,
These forms of conversation multiplied by degrees.
Nor does this false modesty expose us _only_ to such actions as are
indiscreet, but very often to such as are highly criminal.
_Spectator_, Nº 458.
The ambiguity is removed by the following arrangement.
Nor does this false modesty expose us to such actions only as are
indiscreet, _&c._
The empire of Blefuscu is an island situated to the north-east side
of Lilliput, from whence it is parted _only_ by a channel of 800
yards wide.
_Gulliver’s Travels, part 1. chap. 5._
The ambiguity may be removed thus:
---- from whence it is parted by a channel
of 800 yards wide only.
In the following examples the sense is left doubtful by a wrong
arrangement of members.
The minister who grows less by his elevation, _like a little statue
placed on a mighty pedestal_, will always have his jealousy strong
about him.
_Dissertation upon parties, dedication._ _Bolingbroke._
Here, so far as can be gathered from the arrangement, it is doubtful,
whether the object introduced by way of simile, relate to what goes
before or to what follows. The ambiguity is removed by the following
arrangement.
The minister who, like a little statue placed on a mighty pedestal,
grows less by his elevation, will always, _&c._
Since this is too much to ask of freemen, nay of slaves, _if his
expectation be not answered_, shall he form a lasting division upon
such transient motives?
_Ibid._
Better thus:
Since this is too much to ask of freemen, nay of slaves, shall he,
if his expectation be not answered, form, _&c._
Speaking of the superstitious practice of locking up the room where a
person of distinction dies:
The knight, seeing his habitation reduced to so small a compass,
and himself in a manner shut out of his own house, _upon the death
of his mother_ ordered all the apartments to be flung open, and
exorcised by his chaplain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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