Elements of metaphysicsTaylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward)
Philosophy
Elements of metaphysics
Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward)
Metaphysics
If we are to look at this stage for some analogue within our partial
experience for the kind of unity of individuals in a single supreme
individual which we have demanded for the system of Reality, we shall
probably do best to turn to what is after all the most familiar thing in
the world,—our own personal experience. If we consider the nature of any
coherent purpose or “mental system,” we shall find that, as the coherent
embodiment of a purpose, it possesses a degree of individuality of its
own. In proportion to the comprehensiveness, and again to the inner
harmony or systematic structure of the interest it embodies, it
constitutes a genuine self-existing individual whole of the kind which
psychologists recognise as a “self.” And again, in so far as my life
exhibits determinate character, so far do these systematic purposes or
minor “selves” form a larger system, also individual, which may be
called my “total self.” And both the many lesser “selves” and the larger
“self” are real in the same sense of the word. Neither exists merely in
or for the other; the wider or whole “self” is no mere collection or
resultant or product of the more special “selves,” nor are they again
mere results of a theoretical process of analysis and abstraction. In so
far as they are genuine systems at all, they are not mere “parts” of a
whole, but each is the expression, in a concrete conscious life, of the
nature of a larger whole from a special “point of view.” The whole, if
not equally in every part, is yet as a whole present in every part, and
precisely for that reason the category of part and whole is inadequate
to express their relation. Somewhat after this fashion we must conceive
the structure of any individual whole of lesser individuals. Why, in
spite of the analogy, it is desirable not to speak of the whole of
Reality as a “Self,” will be made clearer as we proceed.[63]
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