Elements of metaphysicsTaylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward)
Philosophy
Elements of metaphysics
Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward)
Metaphysics
inevitably loosens by simply undoing the work of analytic thought and
reverting to the standpoint of mere uninterpreted feeling.[23]
§ 9. We may perhaps specify one further characteristic which seems, at
least, to belong to every datum of immediate experience. Every
experience seems to be implicitly complex, that is, its aspect of
_content_ appears never to be absolutely simple, but always to contain a
plurality of aspects, which, as directly felt, are not distinct, but are
at the same time distinguishable as soon as we begin by reflection to
describe and analyse it. From the nature of the case this complexity
cannot be directly ascertained by inspection, for the inspection itself
presupposes that we are dealing with the experience not as immediately
felt, but as already sufficiently analysed and reflected upon to be
described in general terms. Indirectly, however, our result seems to be
established by the consideration that, as soon as we reflect upon the
given at all, we find these distinguishable aspects within its content,
and that, unless they were there implicitly from the first, it is hard
to see how the mere process of reflection could have given birth to
them. Thus, for instance, in even the most rudimentary experience there
would appear to be something answering to the distinction between the
presentational quality of a sensation and its accompanying tone of
pleasure or pain. It is difficult, again, not to think that in any
sentient experience there must be some difference between elements which
correspond to more or less stable conditions of the sentient organism
itself (“organic sensation”) and those which correspond to relatively
novel and infrequent features of the environment. Some philosophers
would indeed be prepared to go further, and to maintain that a more or
less explicit consciousness of distinction between self and not-self, or
again between subject and object, is logically involved in the very
possibility of an experience. The question, as a psychological one, need
not be raised here; it must, however, be carefully remarked that
whatever view we may adopt as to the number and character of the aspects
which analysis reveals within the contents of the simplest experience,
those aspects, as directly apprehended, originally constitute an
unanalysed whole. Our various subsequent analyses all presuppose
theories as to the ultimate _what_ of experience which it is the
business of Metaphysics to test.
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