[Illustration: FIG. 99.--Types of _Aphanocyclæ_ (_Polycarpæ_), family _Ranunculaceæ_. _A_, Rue anemone (_Anemonilla_), × ½. _B_, a fruit, × 2. _C_, section of the same. _D_, section of a buttercup flower (_Ranunculus_), × 1½. _E_, diagram of buttercup flower. _F_, wild columbine (_Aquilegia_), × ½. _G_, one of the spur-shaped petals, × 1. _H_, the five pistils, × 1. _I_, longitudinal section of the fruit, × 1. _J_, flower of larkspur (_Delphinium_), × 1. _K_, the four petals and stamens, after the removal of the five colored and petal-like sepals, × 1.] The magnolia family (_Magnoliaceæ_) has several common members, the most widely distributed being, perhaps, the tulip-tree (_Liriodendron_) (Fig. 100, _C_), much valued for its timber. Besides this there are several species of magnolia, the most northerly species being the sweet-bay (_Magnolia glauca_) of the Atlantic States, and the cucumber-tree (_M. acuminata_); the great magnolia (_M. grandiflora_) is not hardy in the northern states. The sweet-scented shrub (_Calycanthus_) (Fig. 100, _G_) is the only member of the family _Calycanthaceæ_ found within our limits. It grows wild in the southern states, and is cultivated for its sweet-scented, dull, reddish flowers. [Illustration: FIG. 100.--Types of _Aphanocyclæ_ (_Polycarpæ_). _A_, branch of papaw, _Asimina_ (_Anonaceæ_), × ½. _B_, section of the flower, × 1. _C_, flower and leaf of tulip-tree, _Liriodendron_ (_Magnoliaceæ_), × ⅓. _D_, section of a flower, × ½. _E_, a ripe fruit, × 1. _F_, diagram of the flower. _G_, flower of the sweet-scented shrub, _Calycanthus_ (_Calycanthaceæ_), × ½] The barberry (_Berberis_) (Fig. 101, _A_) is the type of the family _Berberideæ_, which also includes the curious mandrake or may-apple (_Podophyllum_) (Fig. 101, _D_), and the twin-leaf or rheumatism-root (_Jeffersonia_), whose curious seed vessel is shown in Figure 101, _G_. The fruit of the barberry and may-apple are edible, but the root of the latter is poisonous. The curious woody twiner, moon-seed (_Menispermum_) (Fig. 101, _I_), is the sole example in the northern states of the family _Menispermeæ_ to which it belongs. The flowers are diœcious, and the pistillate flowers are succeeded by black fruits looking like grapes. The flattened, bony seed is curiously sculptured, and has the embryo curled up within it.