Elements of the Theory and Practice of Chymistry, 5th ed.Macquer, Pierre Joseph
History
Elements of the Theory and Practice of Chymistry, 5th ed.
Macquer, Pierre Joseph
Chemistry -- Early works to 1800
The marine acid dissolves it well enough; but then it must be
exceedingly concentrated, and applied in a peculiar manner, and
especially by distillation. One of the best methods of procuring a
perfect union between the acid of sea-salt and Regulus of Antimony, is
to pulverize the latter, mix it with corrosive sublimate, and distil
the whole. There rises in the operation a white matter, thick, and
scarce fluid, which is no other than the Regulus of Antimony united
and combined with the acid of sea-salt. This compound is extremely
corrosive, and is called _Butter of Antimony_.
It is plain that the corrosive sublimate is here decompounded; that the
Mercury is revivified, and that the acid which was combined therewith
hath quitted it to join the Regulus of Antimony, with which its
affinity is greater. This Butter of Antimony by repeated distillations
acquires a considerable degree of fluidity and limpidness.
If the acid of nitre be mixed with Butter of Antimony, and the whole
distilled, there rises an acid liquor, or a sort of _aqua regis_, which
still retains some of the dissolved Regulus, and is called _Bezoardic
Spirit of Nitre_. After the distillation there remains a white matter,
from which fresh spirit of nitre is again abstracted, and which being
then washed with water is called _Bezoar Mineral_. This Bezoar Mineral
is neither so volatile nor so caustic as Butter of Antimony; because
the nitrous acid hath not the property of volatilizing metallic
substances, as the marine acid does, and because it remains much more
intimately combined with the reguline part.
If Butter of Antimony be mixed with water, the liquor immediately
becomes turbid and milky, and a precipitate falls, which is nothing
but the metallic matter partly separated from its acid, which is too
much weakened by the addition of water to keep it dissolved. Yet this
precipitate still retains a good deal of acid; for which reason it
continues to be a violent emetic, and in some degree corrosive. It hath
therefore been very improperly called _Mercurius Vitæ_.
The proper solvent of Regulus of Antimony is _aqua regis_; by means
whereof a clear and limpid solution of this Semi-metal may be obtained.
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