The advantages of gabion revetment are very great. It can be put in place without extra labor, faster and with less exposure than any other. It is self-supporting and gives cover from view and partial cover from fire quicker than any other form. Several forms of gabions made of material other than brush have been used. Some of them are sheet iron, empty barrels and hoops. The disadvantages of iron are that it splinters badly, is heavy, and has not given satisfaction. If any special materials are supplied, the methods of using them will, in view of the foregoing explanation, be obvious. _Timber or Pole Revetment._—Poles too large for use in any other way may be cut to length and stood on end to form a revetment. The lower end should be in a small trench and have a waling piece in front of them. There must also be a waling piece or cap at or near the top, anchored back. Plate 38 shows this form. _Miscellaneous Revetments._—Any receptacles for earth which will make a stable, compact pile, such as boxes, baskets, cans, etc., may be used for a revetment. Canvas or burlap stretched behind pickets is being used to a great extent on the battle fronts of Europe. If the soil will make adobe, an excellent revetment may be made of them, but it will not stand wet weather. [Illustration: PLATE 38.—Timber revetment.] CHAPTER VII Working Parties The infantryman will always be called upon to construct the trench which he is to occupy. Each company is provided with portable tools, which the men carry, and each infantry regiment is provided with tools for the purpose. The digging tools consist of picks and shovels. When it has been decided to locate fire trenches along a certain line officers will lay out the cutting lines and mark them with tape or otherwise. A company will be assigned for the construction of a definite section of the trench. Let us work out the procedure, assuming that the work may go on unmolested by the enemy. Such, however, is not usually the case. The enemy will do anything in his power to prevent construction work. If, however, we are familiar with the details of the work and know how to go about it in an orderly and systematic manner under conditions of noninterference by the enemy, we will be able to carry out these details of organization and procedure under more or less trying conditions when the time comes. Officers have established the trace of the trench and marked the cutting lines. It is the ordinary traversed type, 18 feet bays with traverses 5 feet wide and 5 feet deep, as shown in Plate 14. The company is composed of, say twelve squads organized into three platoons of four squads each. Six bays of the trench have been assigned to the organization for construction. This gives a task to each platoon of two bays, including one complete traverse and a half traverse on each flank. Tools have been issued to the first and third squads of each platoon, the front rank men carrying picks and the rear rank men shovels.