When the artillery has destroyed parts of the enemy’s trenches or makes breaches in his obstacles by day he will endeavor to repair them at night. He may be considerably annoyed and losses inflicted upon him by a well-directed shower of rifle grenades arriving at points where his working parties are located. To make this effective the rifle racks should be placed in position and secured during the day after trial shots have demonstrated conclusively the direction and angle for them. [Sidenote: Shelling] You will be impressed by the shells, especially the big ones. The din and blast of the explosions are, to say the least, terrifying. But you will soon come to know that the shell often makes more noise than it does harm and that, after a terrific bombardment, by no means is everybody destroyed. [Sidenote: How to Protect Yourself from Shells] The big shell, which is so appalling, is only really dangerous if it falls on the place where a man is standing, because the splinters rise in the air. Fall down flat when the shell bursts. Even if you are quite close, there is comparatively little risk. Get up immediately after the explosion, especially if you are 200 to 300 yards away from the place where it burst. The splinters do not fall for some time after the explosion. The steel helmets and the infantry pack will furnish considerable protection from shrapnel fragments and balls. [Sidenote: During the Combat] The safest place to avoid the enemy’s shell fire when the attack has been launched is close up to the enemy’s position, where the artillery fire has to cease for fear of placing shells indiscriminately in his own troops and ours. Some men, completely distracted, lie down with their face to the ground. They will be crushed where they lie. Artillery fire, when it is violent, tends to throw the ranks into confusion and disorder. You have only ears for the roar of the approaching shell. You slow down and attempt to seek cover where there is no cover. The unit breaks up, and runs wild or stops altogether. _Disorder and confusion means massacre._ March strictly in place. To the front is your safest haven of refuge. Get hold of the frightened ones and keep them in place. You will need them to help you when you reach the goal. [Sidenote: In the Trenches] Dugouts with strong overhead cover are provided for your protection when not actually required to man the trench. In some places it may be possible to dig shelter caves and shore up the roofs. [Sidenote: Scouting and Patrolling] _To the Reader_: You will find a wealth of information on the methods to be employed by scouts and patrols in a little book similar to this one in size, entitled “Scouting and Patrolling,” by the author of this volume. Published and for sale by the United States Infantry Association, Washington, D. C. Price 50 cents, by mail, postpaid. _Get your copy now and prepare yourself for these important duties._