Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Idea, Fidesa and Chloris — John Shaqi
Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Idea, Fidesa and ChlorisDrayton, Michael
General
Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Idea, Fidesa and Chloris
Drayton, Michael
English poetry -- Early modern, 1500-1700; Sonnets, English
About 1590, when Drayton was twenty-eight, and Anne was probably
twenty-one years old, Drayton left Polesworth Hall and came to London.
Perhaps the very parting was the means of revealing his heart to
himself, for it is from near this time that, as he confesses later, he
dates the first consciousness of his love. He soon publishes _Idea,
the Shepherd's Garland, Rowland's Sacrifice to the Nine Muses_, where
we first see our poet, in his pastoral-poetic character, carving his
"rime of love's idolatry," upon a beechen tree. Thirteen stanzas of
these pastoral eclogues do not exhaust the catalogue of her beauties;
and when he praises the proportion of her shape and carriage, we know
that it was not the poet's frenzied eye alone that saw these graces,
for Dr. John Hall, of Stratford, who attended her professionally,
records in his case-book that she was "beautiful and of gallant
structure of body." Anne was married about 1595 to Sir Henry
Rainsford, who became Drayton's friend, host and patron. It is likely
that Lady Rainsford deserved a goodly portion of the praises bestowed
upon her beauty. And she need not have been ashamed of the devotion of
her knight of poesy; for Michael Drayton was, like Constable and
Daniel and Fletcher, a man good and true, and the chorus of
contemporaries that praise his character and his verse is led by pious
Meres himself, and echoed by Jonson.
_Idea's Mirrour, Amours in Quatorzains_, formed the title under which
the sonnet-cycle appeared in 1594. _Idea_ was reprinted eight times
before 1637, the edition of 1619 being the chief and serving for the
foundation of our text. Many changes and additions were made by the
author in the successive editions; in fact only twenty of the
fifty-one "amours" in _Idea's Mirrour_ escaped the winnowing, while
the famous sixty-first appears for the first time in 1619. There is a
distinct progress manifest in the subdual of language and form to
artistic finish, and while the cycle in its unevenness represents the
early and late stages of poetic progress, the more delicate examples
of his work show him worthy of the praise bestowed by his latest
admirer and critic,
"Faith, Michael Drayton bears the bell
For numbers airy."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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