SWEDENBORG divided each hemisphere of the brain into an anterior and a posterior region, separated from one another by the fissure of Sylvius. Now, in _the anterior region_ he located _the essential activity of the soul_, while as regards the posterior region, he supposed that it was chiefly active in animating the blood (›The Brain›, No. 71). In the anterior region he furthermore distinguished _three lobes_, or, as he called them, ›curiae›, in which the soul resided and exercised its functions (›The Brain›, No. 88). He does not define the boundaries of the lobes, but distinguishes them by saying that the soul’s activity in the highest lobe attains to the highest degree of clarity and perfection, while in the inferior lobes, the middle and the lowest, the soul’s activity successively decreases in sharpness and intensity! (›The Brain›, Nos. 66, 88). In these lobes or curiae the essential psychic life also has its rise; here observations, thoughts, judgments, conclusions come into being, yea, even determinations and the utterances of the will proceed thence. Here consequently is the source of both the sensory and the motor functions of the soul (›The Brain›, Nos. 88, 100). As we have seen, SWEDENBORG had already shown, in ›Œconomia Regni Animalis›, not only that it is in the cortex, but just in _the cortical elements_, the ›_Cerebellula_›, that the brain’s psychic function is performed. Swedenborg emphasizes the same idea in ›De Cerebro›, and declares that these ›Cerebellula› are the units of which the brain is constructed, and from which its essential nature is derived (›The Brain›, No. 34). As in the ›Œconomia Regni Animalis›, so in ›De Cerebro›, he also refers to the arrangement into _different groups_, which is so important for the function of the cortical elements or ›Cerebellula›, and with respect to this he now makes a new statement, which is of such a nature as necessarily to excite amazement: he sets forth the most essential part of _the modern theory of localizations_. Word for word this statement reads as follows: ›_The muscles and actions which are in the ultimates of the body, or the soles of the feet, seem to depend more immediately upon the highest parts (of the anterior region of the brain)[51], the muscles which belong to the abdomen and thorax upon the middle lobe, those which belong to the face and head upon the third lobe_; for they (the muscles of the body and the lobes of the brain)[51] seem to correspond to one another in inverse order›. (See ›The Brain›, No. 68).—Thus, the essential features of the modern doctrine concerning the relative positions of the motor centres in the cortex of the brain, that doctrine into which we have obtained an insight first after much comprehensive and complicated labour during the last century!