To begin with the purely mechanical part of our work, let us enumerate the materials required for drawing the outlines:-- [Sidenote: Pencils.] 3 Pencils--F, HB, and BB. 2_d._ each.[1] [1] N.B. The prices of materials vary so much, that only a general idea can be given of them, as some guide to beginners. [Sidenote: Indian-rubber.] A piece of Indian-rubber. [Sidenote: Brushes.] Red sable brushes; the sizes sold at 4_d._, 6_d._, and 8_d._ each: also 2 small sizes of the _best_ Camel's hair, 2_d._ each, necessary for Bessemer's gold paint. [Sidenote: Cardboards.] Large sized London or Bristol board, 6_d._ per sheet, and upwards. This is a glazed (hot-pressed) cardboard. "Mounting-board" is rather cheaper, costing 6_d._ and upwards for a large sheet, but, not having so fine a surface, will not so easily bear rubbing out. It takes colour well. Pale-tinted cardboard, grey, brown, &c., is sold in large sheets, at about 8_d._ per sheet. [Sidenote: Vellum-paper.] Vellum-paper, a good imitation of vellum, is sold at 1_s._ per sheet. [Sidenote: Tissue and Tracing-paper.] Some sheets of white tissue and transparent tracing-paper; the latter for preserving copies in outline. [Sidenote: Rulers.] 2 Rulers (flat); one of wood, about two feet long, another of bone, 6 inches; 6_d._ each (ivory, 2_s._.). A T-ruler is very useful; 1_s._ and upwards. [Sidenote: Portfolio.] A portfolio, 2 feet by 10 inches, to hold the scrolls, would be useful in preserving them from injury; cost, at the drawing-shops, 3_s._ 6_d._ A list of the necessary paints will be given in the directions for colouring, page 9. [Sidenote: Alphabets (capitals).] The beginner should endeavour to obtain one or two sheets of alphabets (capitals) in black and white, of the full size required, say about two inches high. [Sidenote: Lower-case (small letters).] An alphabet of "lower-case," or small letters, is subjoined, which will be found to harmonise well with almost any capitals, and is in proportion to those of two or two and a half inches high. [Sidenote: Enlarging or reducing Capitals.] But although the beginner will do well to copy or trace letters of the exact size required, he cannot too soon commence the practice of enlarging or reducing the copy, otherwise many very beautiful initial letters will be lost to him. The great art in copying on a different scale is to observe carefully the proportions of the original: keep every branch of the letter _equal_ in thickness, if the original be so: or if copying, for example, a capital A, and one side of the arch be twice the width of the other, let the copy preserve the same proportion. In the letter B, observe if the two bows be of equal size; the lower is generally the larger of the two. In an equal-sided letter, like M or O, observe what ornamental parts are opposite to each other.