Embryology: The Beginnings of LifeLeighton, Gerald R. (Gerald Rowley)
Science
Embryology: The Beginnings of Life
Leighton, Gerald R. (Gerald Rowley)
Embryology, Human
Let him then proceed to think of as many definite characteristics of his
own as he possibly can, and then enter these characteristics in the
column which he deems appropriate. It will be found that with the great
majority of characteristics no difficulty will be presented, and it will
be quite impossible to think of anything which is a physical part of
himself, which cannot be placed in one or other of these three
categories. Even though there may be a little difficulty as to which
column should claim the entry, it will be found that this is due rather
to indecision on the part of the reader than to anything else. It is not
because he can imagine any other origin for the trait which is for the
moment puzzling, but simply because he may be uncertain as to whether it
is an inborn character, or one due to the subsequent action of
circumstances. Thus he will have no difficulty in placing in the first
column such characteristics as the possession of one nose, two eyes, the
colour of his eyes, perhaps the shape of his nose, and so forth, these
all being germinal inherited characters. Equally simple is it to see
that in the second column must be placed such parts of his individuality
as speech, writing, the _size_ of his muscles at the moment, and so
forth. These obviously have resulted from the action of circumstances on
inborn capacities. No embryo can speak or write, though it has within it
the inherited capacity to enable it to learn such things. Finally he may
find it difficult to think of anything to place under the heading of
"Variations"; but, on the other hand, should he happen to be a genius in
music or mathematics, or the possessor of six toes or a black mole on
his arm, these will indicate to him at once that they are of the nature
of "Variations." (It must be remembered, however, that they may be
transmitted to successive generations, in which case they become
germinal characters.)
In a similar way if the reader desires to follow out this analysis of
the characters which make an embryo, and which, therefore, afterwards
comprise the possibilities of an individual from the point of view of
the stimuli under which they are developed, he may easily do so. Another
sheet of paper similarly divided into three columns with the headings
"Nutrition, Use, and Injury," will enable him to see how his individual
characteristics have attained their present development as the result of
one or other of these stimuli acting upon the germinal or inherited
tendencies. Without going into detail in this matter one may simply note
that under the heading of "Injury" will come all those parts of himself
of which he has become possessed as the result of disease or accident,
whether this be physical, mental, or moral.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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