Upon the heels of these dreadful tidings came the news that Amadi had fallen. Singularly enough this lesser calamity made more impression than the terrible event at Khartoum, for the connection with Egypt was now forever broken and all hope of help from the north vanished. But as false reports had come from Kerem Allah so frequently they simply did not believe it, but regarded it rather as an invention intended to induce Emin to surrender. Great differences of opinion existed as to the measures to be adopted. Some were in favor of retreating northward, but Emin regarded the road to the south as the only right one. The force of Kerem Allah was only five miles distant and in one day they could reach Lado and then there would no longer be room for hope. Captain Casati, an Italian traveller, who was in Lado at this time, as it was too hot at Bahr-el-Ghazal, vigorously opposed Emin’s decision. “I know that the danger is imminent,” he said, “but that is no reason why we should fly.” “But what else can we do?” “Defend ourselves. Lado cannot fall in a short time. The enemy cannot long maintain a siege with many people, for the country is destitute of subsistence. He must buy corn at Makraka and that is a long way off.” “But they are already well provided. The Arabs supply them with everything they need, and we here in Lado, even if we are not overcome by arms, will perish from hunger.” “That cannot be possible. We have the river behind us. We can get corn from the fertile country of Gondokoro.” “Yes, but if we go southward we will find corn in the country of the Mahdi, and if we get through to Lut it will be easy for us to establish communication with Unjoro and Uganda.” “My dear Doctor, do you not think the retreat will be even more difficult and dangerous than the defence?” “How? What have we to fear?” “Kerem Allah, you say, is marching victoriously against Lado. Before he succeeds he will find out what direction we are taking for our retreat. He will follow us, not by way of the river, but by a shorter route across the country. Imagine yourself attacked from the heights and cut off from the river and tell me then if there will not be a catastrophe.” “What would you do? What do you think?” “Leave the country by the northeast. But to do this the retreat must be made cautiously and quietly. I am not speaking of the soldiers. Alarmed by the fall of Amadi, they will not resist a retreat. And if we take a northward route, they will be more confident and follow.” “And do you think that such a plan, if I submit it to my officers, will be accepted?” “Without doubt. They will depend upon the assurances of their master as usual and give their full consent.”