Eminent literary and scientific men of Italy, Spain, and Portugal. Vol. 3 (of 3)Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft
History
Eminent literary and scientific men of Italy, Spain, and Portugal. Vol. 3 (of 3)
Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft
Authors -- Biography; Scientists -- Biography
In these terms does Cervantes speak of himself in his captivity; and so
often are writers accused of boasting that this might have been brought
forward as a proof of his vanity merely, but that we have another
testimony in a book named "Topography and general History of Algiers, by
Father Diego de Haedo[60]," a contemporary; and his account, though not
full enough to satisfy our curiosity, yet proves that Cervantes spoke of
his deeds with no exaggeration; and that, to attain his liberty, he
incurred every risk, and endured a thousand hardships and perils with
dauntless courage. As Cervantes often alludes to himself, it is strange
that he did not write an account of his years of captivity; but the
truth is, that, though we may be led to mention ourselves, it is ever a
tedious task to write at length on the subject: recollections come by
crowds; hopes baffled, our dearest memories discovered to have a taint,
our lives wasted and fallen into contempt even in our own eyes: so that
we readily turn from dispiriting realities to such creatures of the
imagination as we can fashion according to our liking. But to return.
The account above given of the situation of the captives refers to those
best off. The rest were either employed as galley slaves, or in other
hard labours. Among the latter Cervantes was probably numbered, as Haedo
mentions that his captivity was one of peculiar hardship. Driven to
resistance by his sufferings, Cervantes several times endeavoured to
obtain his liberty.
[Sidenote: 1576.
Ætat.
29.]
His first attempt was made in conjunction with several others, under the
design of reaching Oran (a town of Africa, then in possession of Spain,)
by land. He and his comrades even contrived to get out of the town of
Algiers; but the Moorish guide whom they had engaged deserted them, and
they were obliged to return and deliver themselves up to their masters.
Some of his companions, and among them ensign Gabrièl de Castañeda,
were ransomed in the middle of the year 1576. Castañeda took letters
from the captive brothers to their father, Rodrigo Cervantes, describing
their miserable situation. He instantly sold or mortgaged his little
property, and, indeed, every thing he possessed, even to the dowry of
his daughters, who were not yet married; the whole family being thus
reduced to penury.
[Sidenote: 1577.
Ætat.
30.]
The entire sum, unhappily, did not suffice for the redemption of both
brothers. Miguel accordingly gave up his share to secure the freedom of
Rodrigo, who was set free in August, 1577. He promised at parting to get
an armed vessel equipped at Valencia or the Balearic isles, which,
touching at a place agreed on, near Algiers, would facilitate the escape
of his brother and other captives; and he carried with him to this
effect several letters from men of high birth, now fallen into the
miserable condition of slaves, to various persons in power in Spain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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