The Triassic rocks, red sandstones, marls and conglomerates cover a
broad area in the Midlands in Worcestershire, Warwickshire and
Leicestershire, whence they may be followed south-westward through
Somerset to the coast at Sidmouth, and northward, round either flank
of the Pennine Hills, through Nottinghamshire and Yorkshire to
Middlesbrough on the one hand, and upon the other through
Staffordshire, Cheshire and Lancashire to Carlisle.
The outcrop of the Lias, mainly clay with thin limestones and
ironstones, runs in an almost continuous band across the country from
Lyme Regis, through Bath, Cheltenham, near Leicester, and Lincoln to
Redcar in Yorkshire. Closely following the same line are the
alternating clays and limestones of the Oolitic series. Next in order
come the Greensands and Gault, which lie at the base of the Chalk
escarpment, between that formation and the Oolites. The Chalk occupies
all the remaining portion of the south-east of England, save the
Wealden area, and extends northward as far as Flamborough in
Yorkshire, forming the Yorkshire Wolds, the Lincolnshire Wolds, the
Chiltern Hills, the N. and S. Downs, the Dorsetshire heights and
Salisbury Plain. But in the eastern and southern counties the Chalk is
covered by younger deposits of Tertiary age; the Pliocene Crags of
Norfolk and Suffolk, the Lower London Tertiaries (London Clay,
Woolwich and Reading Beds, &c.) of the London Basin comprising parts
of Essex, Hertfordshire, Middlesex, Bucks and Berks, and northern
Kent. Again, in the Hampshire Basin and Isle of Wight, Eocene and
Oligocene formations rest upon the Chalk.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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