Produced by Marius Masi, Don Kretz and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net Transcriber's notes: (1) Numbers following letters (without space) like C2 were originally printed in subscript. Letter subscripts are preceded by an underscore, like C_n. (2) Characters following a carat (^) were printed in superscript. (3) Side-notes were relocated to function as titles of their respective paragraphs. (4) Macrons and breves above letters and dots below letters were not inserted. (5) [root] stands for the root symbol; [oo] for infinity; [alpha], [beta], etc. for greek letters. (6) The following typographical errors have been corrected: ARTICLE ESTEBANEZ CALDERON, SERAFIN: "His most interesting work, Escenas andaluzas (1847), is in a curiously affected style ..." 'curiously' amended from 'curiouly'. ARTICLE ESTERHAZY OF GALANTHA: "He was minister for foreign affairs in the first responsible Hungarian ministry (1848), but resigned his post in September because he could see no way of reconciling the court with the nation." 'because' amended from 'bcause'. ARTICLE ETHER: "The principal symptoms symptons of chronic ether-drinking are a weakening of the activity of the special senses ..." 'symptons' amended from 'symptons'. ARTICLE ETHEREDGE, SIR GEORGE: "It is partly in rhymed rhymned heroic verse, like the stilted tragedies of the Howards and Killigrews ..." 'rhymned' amended from 'rhymned'. ARTICLE ETHICS: "... or the glory of merely secular gifts and acquirements, it is one aspect of the unworldliness which we have already noticed ..." 'unworldliness' amended from 'unwordliness'. ARTICLE ETHICS: "It will be seen that these changes, however profoundly important, were, ethically considered, either negative or quite general, relating to the tone and attitude of mind in which all duty should be done." 'relating' amended from 'ralating'. ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA A DICTIONARY OF ARTS, SCIENCES, LITERATURE AND GENERAL INFORMATION ELEVENTH EDITION VOLUME IX, SLICE VII Equation to Ethics ARTICLES IN THIS SLICE: