The inventor has followed the good example of his native language in using _esti_, "to be," as the auxiliary verb both in the passive, where it is combined with passive participles, and in the secondary tenses of the active (perfect, pluperfect, &c.), where it is of course combined with the active participles. The participles can be made into nouns and adverbs by changing the final _-a_ into _-o_ and _-e_ respectively: thus _tenonto_, "the future holder," _perdinte_, "through having lost." The table of the forty-five correlative pronouns, adjectives and adverbs is also elaborate and ingenious. Much ingenuity is displayed in the syntax, as well as some happy simplifications. But, on the other hand, there is much in it that is fanciful, arbitrary and vague, as in the use of the definite article--where the author has unfortunately followed French rather than English usage--and in the moods of the verb. The following specimens will show the general character of this easy-flowing but somewhat heavy and monotonous language--"bad Italian," as it is called by its detractors:-- Patro nia, kiu estas en la cielo, sankta estu via nomo; venu regeco via; estu volo via, kiel en la cielo, tiel ankau sur la tero. Panon nian ciutagan donu al ni hodiau; kaj pardonu al ni suldojn niajn, kiel ni ankau pardonas al niaj suldantoj; kaj ne konduku nin en tenton, sed liberigu nin de la malbono. Estimata Sinjoro. Per tiu ci libreto mi havas la honoron prezenti al vi la lingvon internacian Esperanto. Esperanto tute ne havas la intencon malfortigi la lingvon naturan de ia popolo. Gi devas nur servi por la rilatoj internaciaj kaj por tiuj verkoj au produktoj, kiuj interesas egale la tutan mondon.