Produced by Marius Masi, Don Kretz and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net Transcriber's notes: (1) Numbers following letters (without space) like C2 were originally printed in subscript. Letter subscripts are preceded by an underscore, like C_n. (2) Characters following a carat (^) were printed in superscript. (3) Side-notes were relocated to function as titles of their respective paragraphs. (4) Macrons and breves above letters and dots below letters were not inserted. (5) [root] stands for the root symbol; [alpha], [beta], etc. for greek letters. (6) The following typographical errors have been corrected: ARTICLE GERMANY: "After Rupert's death two cousins, Jobst, margrave of Moravia, and Sigismund, king of Hungary, were in the autumn of 1410 both chosen to fill the vacant throne by opposing parties ..." 'After' amended from "After's". ARTICLE GERMANY: "... others--like the landgraves of Hesse and the cities of Magdeburg and Strassburg--refused to sign it, and thus it served only to emphasize the divisions among the Protestants. Moreover ..." 'Magdeburg' amended from 'Madgeburg'. ARTICLE GERMANY: "These Articles, embodying the more important terms, were included with slight verbal alterations in the treaty of peace signed at Prague on the 23rd of August." 'embodying' amended from 'enbodying'. ARTICLE GERMANY: "... Die Entwicklung des gelehrten Richtertums in deutschen Territorien (Stuttgart, 1872) ..." 'Entwicklung' amended from 'Entwickelung'. ARTICLE GETTYSBURG: "That no decisive success had been obtained by Lee was clear to all, but Ewell's men on Culp's Hill, and Longstreet's corps below Round Top, threatened to turn both flanks of the Federal position, which was no longer a compact horseshoe but had been considerably prolonged to the left ..." 'horseshoe' amended from 'horsehoe'. ARTICLE GHAZNI: "In 997 Mahmud, son of Sabuktagin, succeeded to the government, and with his name Ghazni and the Ghaznevid dynasty have become perpetually associated. Issuing forth year after year from that capital ..." 'become' amended from 'beome'. ARTICLE GHOST: "... on the other hand, the phrase 925 "ghostly man" for a clergyman (cf. the Ger. Geistlicher) is an archaism the use of which could only be justified by poetic licence, as in Tennyson's Elaine (1842)." '1842' amended from '1094'. ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA A DICTIONARY OF ARTS, SCIENCES, LITERATURE AND GENERAL INFORMATION ELEVENTH EDITION VOLUME XI, SLICE VIII Germany to Gibson, William ARTICLES IN THIS SLICE: