his adopted son makes a public announcement as before, and the person repudiated receives, by way of nominal compensation, the gift of a small number of staters. In these later "laws of Gortyn" we have reached the time when payments are made, not in "caldrons," but in coins. In the inscription itself the laws are simply described as "these writings." The text of the great inscription was first published by E. Fabricius in _Ath. Mitth._ ix. (1885), 362-384; there is a cast of the whole in the Cambridge Museum of Classical Archaeology. Cf. Comparetti's _Leggi di Gortyna_ (1893); Bucheler and Zittelmann in _Rhein. Mus._ xl. (1885); Dareste, Haussoullier and Th. Reinach, _Inscr. juridiques grecques_, iii. (1894), 352-493 (with the literature there quoted). Eng. trans. by Roby in _Law Quarterly Review_ (1886), 135-152; see also E. S. Roberts, _Gk. Epigraphy_, i. 39 f., 52 f., 325-332; J. W. Headlam in _Journal of Hellenic Studies_, xiii. (1892-1893), 48-69; P. Gardner and F. B. Jevons, _Greek Antiquities_ (1895), 560-574; W. Wyse in Whibley's _Companion to Greek Studies_ (1905), 378-383; and Hermann Lipsius, _Zum Recht von Gortyns_ (Leipzig, 1909). Athens. The three senior archons. The thesmothetae. A Roman writer ascribes to the Athenians the very invention of lawsuits (Aelian, _Var. Hist._ iii. 38), and the Athenians themselves regarded their tribunals of homicide as institutions of immemorial antiquity (Isocr. _Paneg._ 40). On the abolition of the single decennial archon[1] in 683 B.C., his duties were distributed over several officials holding office for one year only. The judicial duties thenceforth discharged by the chief archon (_the_ archon), in the case of citizens, were discharged by the polemarch in the case of foreign settlers or metics ([Greek: metoikoi]); while the king-archon, who succeeded to the religious functions of the ancient kings, decided cases connected with religious observances (see ARCHON). He also presided over the primitive council of the state, which was identical with the council of the Areopagus. It was possibly with a view to the recognition of the rights of the lower classes that, about the middle of the 7th century B.C., the three archons were raised to the number of nine by the institution of the joint board of the six _thesmothetae_, who superintended the judicial system in general, kept a record of all legal decisions, and drew attention to any defects in the laws. It is probable that in their title we have the earliest example in Attic Greek of the use of _thesmos_ in the sense of "law." Draco.