AUTHORITIES.--On the subject generally, see J. G. T. Grasse, _Die grossen Sagenkreise des Mittelalters_ (Dresden, 1842), forming part of his _Lehrbuch einer Literargeschichte der beruhmtesten Volker des Mittelalters_; W. P. Ker, _Epic and Romance_ (2nd ed., 1908). TEUTONIC.--B. Symons, "Germanische Heldensage" in H. Paul's _Grundris der germanischen Philologie_, iii. (Strassburg, 1900), 2nd revised edition, separately printed (_ib._, 1905); W. Grimm, _Die deutsche Heldensage_ (1829, 3rd ed., 1889), still one of the most important works; W. Muller, _Mythologie der deutschen Heldensage_ (Heilbronn, 1886) and supplement, _Zur Mythologie der griechischen und deutschen Heldensage_ (_ib._, 1889); O. L. Jiriczek, _Deutsche Heldensagen_, i. (Strassburg, 1898) and _Die deutsche Heldensage_ (3rd revised edition, Leipzig, 1906); Chantepie de la Saussaye, _The Religion of the Teutons_ (Eng. tr., Boston, U.S.A., 1902); J. G. Robertson, _History of German Literature_ (1902). See also HELDENBUCH. CELTIC.--M. H. d'Arbois de Jubainville, _Cours de litterature celtique_ (12 vols., 1883-1902), one vol. trans. into English by R. I. Best, _The Irish Mythological Cycle and Celtic Mythology_ (1903); L. Petit de Julleville, _Hist. de la langue et de la litt. francaise_, i. _Moyen age_ (1896); C. Squire, _The Mythology of the British Isles: an Introduction to Celtic Myth and Romance_ (1905); J. Rhys, _Celtic Britain_ (3rd ed., 1904). SLAVONIC.--A. N. Rambaud, _La Russie epique_ (1876); W. Wollner, _Untersuchungen uber die Volksepik der Grossrussen_ (1879); W. R. Morfill, _Slavonic Literature_ (1883). HERO AND LEANDER, two lovers celebrated in antiquity. Hero, the beautiful priestess of Aphrodite at Sestos, was seen by Leander, a youth of Abydos, at the celebration of the festival of Aphrodite and Adonis. He became deeply enamoured of her; but, as her position as priestess and the opposition of her parents rendered their marriage impossible they agreed to carry on a clandestine intercourse. Every night Hero placed a lamp in the top of the tower where she dwelt by the sea, and Leander, guided by it, swam across the dangerous Hellespont. One stormy night the lamp was blown out and Leander perished. On finding his body next morning on the shore, Hero flung herself into the waves. The story is referred to by Virgil (_Georg._ iii. 258), Statius (_Theb._ vi. 535) and Ovid (_Her._ xviii. and xix.). The beautiful little epic of Musaeus has been frequently translated, and is expanded in the _Hero and Leander_ of C. Marlowe and G. Chapman. It is also the subject of a ballad by Schiller and a drama by F. Grillparzer. See M. H. Jellinek, _Die Sage von Hero und Leander in der Dichtung_ (1890), and G. Knaack "Hero und Leander" in _Festgabe fur Franz Susemihl_ (1898). A careful collection of materials will be found in F. Koppner, _Die Sage von Hero und Leander in der Literatur und Kunst des Altertums_ (1894).