Hobbes came home, in 1637, to a country seething with discontent. The
reign of "Thorough" was collapsing, and the forces pent up since 1629
were soon to rend the fabric of the state. By these events Hobbes was
distracted from the orderly execution of his philosophic plan. The Short
Parliament, as he tells us at a later time (_E.W._ iv. 414), was not
dissolved before he had ready "a little treatise in English," in which
he sought to prove that the points of the royal prerogative which the
members were determined to dispute before granting supplies "were
inseparably annexed to the sovereignty which they did not then deny to
be in the king." Now it can be proved that at this time he had written
not only his _Human Nature_ but also his _De corpore politico_, the two
treatises (though published separately ten years later) having been
composed as parts of one work;[4] and there cannot be the least question
that together they make "the little treatise" just mentioned. We are
therefore to understand, first, that he wrote the earliest draft of his
political theory some years before the outbreak of the Civil War, and,
secondly, that this earliest draft was not written till, in accordance
with his philosophical conception, he had established the grounds of
polity in human nature. The first point is to be noted, because it has
often been supposed that Hobbes's political doctrine took its peculiar
complexion from his revulsion against the state of anarchy before his
eyes, as he wrote during the progress of the Civil War. The second point
must be maintained against his own implied, if not express, statement
some years later, when publishing his _De cive_ (_L.W._ ii. 151), that
he wrote this third part of his system before he had been able to set
down any finished representation of the fundamental doctrines which it
presupposed. In the beginning of 1640, therefore, he had written out his
doctrine of Man at least, with almost as much elaboration as it ever
received from him.
In Paris.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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