But, besides the brilliantly coloured style of Flemish illumination
which has been described, there was another which was practised with
great effect in the 15th century. This was the simpler style of drawing
in white delicately shaded to indicate the contour of figures and the
folds of drapery, &c., known as _grisaille_ or _camaïeu gris_. It was
not indeed confined to the Flemish schools, but was practised also to
some extent and to good effect in northern France, and also in Holland
and other countries; but the centre of its activity appears to have been
in the Low Countries. The excellence to which it attained may be seen in
the MSS. of the _Miracles de Nostre Dame_ now in Paris and the Bodleian
Library, which were executed for Philip the Good, duke of Burgundy, in
the middle of the 15th century.
Of the Dutch school of illumination, which was connected with that of
Flanders, there is little to be said. Judging from existing examples,
the art was generally of a more rustic and coarser type. There are,
however, exceptions. A MS. in the British Museum (King's MS. 5) of the
beginning of the 15th century contains scenes from the life of Christ in
which the features are carefully modelled, very much after the style of
English work of the same time; and some of the specimens of Dutch work
in _camaïeu gris_ are excellent.
German illumination in the 15th century appears to have largely copied
the Flemish style; but it lost the finer qualities of its pattern, and
in decoration it inclined to extravagance. Where the Flemish artist was
content with single flowers gracefully placed, the German filled his
borders with straggling plants and foliage and with large flourished
scrolls.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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