Transcriber's notes: (1) Numbers following letters (without space) like C2 were originally printed in subscript. Letter subscripts are preceded by an underscore, like C_n. (2) Characters following a carat (^) were printed in superscript. (3) Side-notes were relocated to function as titles of their respective paragraphs. (4) Macrons and breves above letters and dots below letters were not inserted. (5) [root] stands for the root symbol; [alpha], [beta], etc. for greek letters. (6) The following typographical errors have been corrected: ARTICLE JAPAN: "Moreover, Korean history mentions twenty-five raids made by the Japanese against Silla during the first five centuries of the Christian era, but not one of them can be identified with Jingo's alleged expedition." 'identified' amended from 'indentified'. ARTICLE JAPAN: "Where these representatives of centralized power found themselves impotent, it may well be supposed that the comparatively petty chieftains who fought each for his own hand in the 15th and 16th centuries were incapable of accomplishing anything." 'chieftains' amended from 'chieftans'. ARTICLE JAPAN: "The survivors fled pell-mell to Osaka, where in a colossal fortress, built by Hideyoshi, his son, Hideyori, and the latter's mother, Yodo, were sheltered behind ramparts held by 80,000 men." Added 'by'. ARTICLE JAPAN: "Thus in the interval between 1873 and 1877 there were two centres of disturbance in Japan: one in Satsuma, where Saigo figured as leader; the other in Tosa, under Itagaki's guidance." 'between' amended from 'betweeen'. ARTICLE JAPAN: "... legislated consistently with that theory, and entrusted to the police large powers of control over the press and the platform." 'control' amended from 'conrol'. ARTICLE JAVA: "Snipe-shooting is a favourite sport." 'favourite' amended from 'favourtie'. ARTICLE JAVA: "See R. Verbeek, 'Liget der oudheden van Java,' in Verhand. v. h. Bat. Gen., xlvi., and his Oudheidkundige kaart van Java." 'Oudheidkundige' amended from 'Oudreidkundige'. ARTICLE JEFFERSON CITY: "Employment is furnished for the convicts on the penitentiary premises by incorporated companies." 'penitentiary' amended from 'pentitentiary'. ARTICLE JENGHIZ KHAN: "On examining the child he observed in its clenched fist a clot of coagulated blood like a red stone." 'he' amended from 'be'. ARTICLE JENNER, EDWARD: "In the autumn of the same year, Jenner met with the first opposition to vaccination; and this was the more formidable because it proceeded from J. Ingenhousz, a celebrated physician and man of science." 'proceeded' amended from 'proceded'.