Two threads requiring to be followed, therefore, run through the
book--one the discussion of the problem of evil between Job and his
friends, and the other the varying attitude of Job's mind towards God,
the first being subordinate to the second. Both Job and his friends
advance to the discussion of his sufferings and of the problem of
evil, ignorant of the true cause of his calamities--Job strong in his
sense of innocence, and the friends armed with their theory of the
righteousness of God, who giveth to every man according to his works.
With fine psychological instinct the poet lets Job altogether lose his
self-control first when his three friends came to visit him. His
bereavements and his malady he bore with a steady courage, and his
wife's direct instigations to godlessness he repelled with severity
and resignation. But when his equals and the old associates of his
happiness came to see him, and when he read in their looks and in
their seven days' silence the depth of his own misery, his
self-command deserted him, and he broke out into a cry of despair,
cursing his day and crying for death (iii.). Job had somewhat
misinterpreted the demeanour of his friends. It was not all pity that
it expressed. Along with their pity they had also brought their
theology, and they trusted to heal Job's malady with this. Till a few
days before, Job would have agreed with them on the sovereign virtues
of this remedy. But he had learned through a higher teaching, the
events of God's providence, that it was no longer a specific in his
case. His violent impatience, however, under his afflictions and his
covert attacks upon the divine rectitude only served to confirm the
view of his sufferings which their theory of evil had already
suggested to his friends. And thus commences the high debate which
continues through twenty-nine chapters.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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