JOLLY (from O. Fr. _jolif_; Fr. _joli_, the French word is obscure in origin; it may be from late Lat. _gaudivus_, from _gaudere_, to rejoice, the change of _d_ to _l_ being paralleled by _cigada_ and _cigale_, or from O. Norse _jol_, Eng. "yule," the northern festival of midwinter), and adjective meaning gay, cheerful, jovial, high-spirited. The colloquial use of the term as an intensive adverb, meaning extremely, very, was in early usage quite literary; thus John Trapp (1601-1669), _Commentaries on the New Testament, Matthew_ (1647), writes, "All was jolly quiet at Ephesus before St Paul came hither." In the royal navy "jolly" used as a substantive, is the slang name for a marine. To "jolly" is a slang synonym for "chaff." The word "jolly-boat," the name of a ship's small broad boat, usually clinker-built, is of doubtful etymology. It occurs in English in the 18th century, and is usually connected with Dan. or Swed. _jolle_, Dutch _jol_, a small ship's boat; these words are properly represented in English by "yawl" originally a ship's small boat, now chiefly used of a rig of sailing vessels, with a cutter-rigged foremast and a small mizzen stepped far aft, with a spanker sail (see RIGGING). A connexion has been suggested with a word of much earlier appearance in English, _jolywat_, or _gellywatte_. This occurs at the end of the 15th century and is used of a smaller type of ship's boat. This is supposed to be a corruption of the French _galiote_ or Dutch _galjoot_, galliot (see GALLEY). The galliot was, however, a large vessel.