Bacon's method begins with a digest into three tables of the facts
relevant to any inquiry. The first contains cases of the occurrence of
the quality under investigation, colour, e.g., or heat, in varying
combinations. The second notes its absence in combinations so allied
to certain of these that its presence might fairly have been looked
for. The third registers its quantitative variation according to
quantitative changes in its concomitants. The method now proceeds on
the basis of the first table to set forth the possible suggestions as
to a general explanatory formula for the quality in question. In
virtue of the remaining tables it rejects any suggestion qualitatively
or quantitatively inadequate. If one suggestion, and one alone,
survives the process of attempted rejection it is the explanatory
formula required. If none, we must begin afresh. If more than one,
recourse is to be had to certain devices of method, in the enumeration
of which the methods of agreement, difference and concomitant
variations[97] find a place, beside the crucial experiment, the
glaring instance and the like. An appeal, however, to such devices,
though a permissible "first vintage" is relatively an imperfection of
method, and a proof that the tables need revision. The positive
procedure by hypothesis and verification is rejected by Bacon, who
thinks of hypothesis as the will o' the wisp of science, and prefers
the cumbrous machinery of negative reasoning.
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