In the years 1791-1807 Francis Maseres published at London, in six
volumes quarto "Scriptores Logarithmici, or a collection of several
curious tracts on the nature and construction of logarithms, mentioned
in Dr Hutton's historical introduction to his new edition of Sherwin's
mathematical tables ...," which contains reprints of Napier's
_Descriptio_ of 1614, Kepler's writings on logarithms (1624-1625), &c.
In 1889 a translation of Napier's _Constructio_ of 1619 was published by
Walter Rae Macdonald. Some valuable notes are added by the translator,
in one of which he shows the accuracy of the method employed by Napier
in his calculations, and explains the origin of a small error which
occurs in Napier's table. Appended to the Catalogue is a full and
careful bibliography of all Napier's writings, with mention of the
public libraries, British and foreign, which possess copies of each. A
facsimile reproduction of Bartholomew Vincent's Lyons edition (1620) of
the _Constructio_ was issued in 1895 by A. Hermann at Paris (this
imprint occurs on page 62 after the word "Finis").
It now remains to notice briefly a few of the more important events in
the history of logarithmic tables subsequent to the original
calculations.
_Common or Briggian Logarithms of Numbers._--Nathaniel Roe's _Tabulae
logarithmicae_ (1633) was the first complete seven-figure table that
was published. It contains seven-figure logarithms of numbers from 1
to 100,000, with characteristics unseparated from the mantissae, and
was formed from Vlacq's table (1628) by leaving out the last three
figures. All the figures of the number are given at the head of the
columns, except the last two, which run down the extreme columns--1 to
50 on the left-hand side, and 50 to 100 on the right-hand side. The
first four figures of the logarithms are printed at the top of the
columns. There is thus an advance half way towards the arrangement now
universal in seven-figure tables. The final step was made by John
Newton in his _Trigonometria Britannica_ (1658), a work which is also
noticeable as being the only extensive eight-figure table that until
recently had been published; it contains logarithms of sines, &c., as
well as logarithms of numbers.
In 1705 appeared the original edition of Sherwin's tables, the first
of the series of ordinary seven-figure tables of logarithms of numbers
and trigonometrical functions such as are in general use now. The work
went through several editions during the 18th century, and was at
length superseded in 1785 by Hutton's tables, which continued in
successive editions to maintain their position for a century.
In 1717 Abraham Sharp published in his _Geometry Improv'd_ the
Briggian logarithms of numbers from 1 to 100, and of primes from 100
to 1100, to 61 places; these were copied into the later editions of
Sherwin and other works.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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