Of the members of this harem the only prominent one is Ayesha, married
to the Prophet shortly after the Flight, when she had scarcely passed
the period of infancy, but who appears to have been gifted with
astuteness and ambition that were quite beyond her years, and who
maintained her ascendancy over the Prophet in spite of the fact that
many carping criticisms of his revelations are attributed to her. Some
of this may have been due to the obligations (including pecuniary
obligations) under which her father had laid Mahomet; but her
reputation seems to have been greatly enhanced by the sending down of
a revelation to exonerate her (A.H. 6), for which she thanked God and
not the Prophet. Each accession to the harem rendered the building of
a house or room necessary for the newcomer's accommodation; a fact in
which Robertson Smith perhaps rightly saw a relic of the older system
whereby the tent was the property of women. The trouble noticed above
seems to have arisen from the want of a similar arrangement in the
case of slave girls, with whom Mahomet's system permits cohabitation.
When Mahomet, whether in consequence of the fatigue incurred by the
"Farewell Pilgrimage," or, as others thought, by the working of some
poison put into his food some years before by a Jewess of Khaibar, was
attacked by the illness which proved fatal, it was to the house of
Ayesha that he was transferred (from that of another wife) to be
nursed; and he apparently died in the arms of the favourite, on whose
statements we have to rely for what we know of his last hours.
General Characteristics.
The traditional description of Mahomet is "of middle height, greyish,
with hair that was neither straight nor curly; with a large head,
large eyes, heavy eyelashes, reddish tint in the eyes, thick-bearded,
broad-shouldered, with thick hands and feet"; he was in the habit of
giving violent expression to the emotions of anger and mirth. The
supposition that he at any time suffered from physical weakness seems
absolutely refuted by his career as a leader of difficult, dangerous
and wearisome expeditions, from his migration to Medina until his
death; indeed, during his last years he exhibited a capacity for both
physical and intellectual activity which implies a high degree of both
health and strength; and without these the previous struggle at Mecca
could scarcely have been carried on. The supposition that he was
liable to fits (epileptic or cataleptic) was intended to account for
certain of the phenomena supposed to accompany the delivery of
revelations; some of these however rest on very questionable
authority: and the greater number of the revelations give evidence of
careful preparation rather than spontaneity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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