_malyatsa ghoda_, the gardener's horse. _malyace ghode_, the
gardener's horses.
_malyaci ghodi_, the gardener's mare. _malyacya ghodya_, the
gardener's mares.
_malyace ghode_, the gardener's horse (neut.). _malyaci ghodi_, the
gardener's horses (neut.).
The suffix _tsa_, _ci_, _ce_, is derived from the Sanskrit suffix
_tyakas_, Pr. _cao_, which is used in much the same sense. In Sanskrit
it may be added either to the locative or to the unmodified base of
the word to which it is attached, thus, _ghotake-tyakas_ or
_ghotaka-tyakas_. Similarly in Marathi, while it is usually added to
the general oblique base, it may also be added to the unmodified noun,
in which case it has a more distinctly adjectival force. The use of
_tsa_ has been influenced by the fact that the Sanskrit word _krtyas_,
Pr. _kiccao_, also takes the same form in Marathi. As explained in the
article HINDOSTANI, synonyms of this word are used in other Indo-Aryan
languages to form suffixes of the genitive.[7]
Strong adjectives, including genitives, can be declined like
substantives, and agree with the qualified noun in gender, number and
case. When the substantive is in an oblique case, the adjective is put
into the general oblique form without any defining postposition, which
is added to the substantive alone. Weak adjectives are not inflected
in modern prose, but are inflected in poetry. As in other Indo-Aryan
languages, comparison is effected by putting the noun with which
comparison is made in the ablative case.
The pronouns closely follow the Prakrit originals. The origin of all
these is discussed in the article HINDOSTANI, and the account need not
be repeated here. As usual in these languages, there is no pronoun of
the third person, its place being supplied by the demonstratives. The
following are the principal pronominal forms:--
_mi_, I, instr. _mi_, _mya_, dat. _mala_, obl. _madz_; _amhi_, we,
instr. _amhi_, obl. _amha_; _madzha_, my, of me; _amtsa_, our, of us.
_tu_, thou, instr. _tu_, _twa_, dat. _tula_, obl. _tudz_; _tumhi_,
you, instr. _tumhi_, obl. _tumha_; _tudzha_, thy, of thee; _tumtsa_,
your, of you.
_apan_, self, obl. _ap^ana_, gen. _ap^ala_. This is also employed as
an honorific pronoun of the second person, and, in addition, to mean
"we including you."
_ha_, this, fem., _hi_, neut. _he_; _to_, he, that, fem. _ti_, neut.
_te_; _dzo_, who, fem., _ji_, neut. _je_.
_kon_, who? _kay_, what? obl. _kasa_; _koni_, any one; _kahi_,
anything.
In all these the plural is employed honorifically instead of the
singular.
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