MAXWELLTOWN, a burgh of barony and police burgh of Kirkcudbrightshire,
Scotland. Pop. (1901), 5796. It lies on the Nith, opposite to Dumfries,
with which it is connected by three bridges, being united with it for
parliamentary purposes. It has a station on the Glasgow & South-Western
line from Dumfries to Kirkcudbright. Its public buildings include a
court-house, the prison for the south-west of Scotland, and an
observatory and museum, housed in a disused windmill. The chief
manufactures are woollens and hosiery, besides dyeworks and sawmills. It
was a hamlet known as Bridgend up till 1810, in which year it was
erected into a burgh of barony under its present name. To the north-west
lies the parish of Terregles, said to be a corruption of Tir-eglwys
(_terra ecclesia_, that is, "Kirk land"). The parish contains the
beautiful ruin of Lincluden Abbey (see DUMFRIES), and Terregles House,
once the seat of William Maxwell, last earl of Nithsdale. In the parish
of Lochrutton, a few miles south-west of Maxwelltown, there is a good
example of a stone circle, the "Seven Grey Sisters," and an old
peel-tower in the Mains of Hills.
MAY, PHIL (1864-1903), English caricaturist, was born at Wortley, near
Leeds, on the 22nd of April 1864, the son of an engineer. His father
died when the child was nine years old, and at twelve he had begun to
earn his living. Before he was fifteen he had acted as time-keeper at a
foundry, had tried to become a jockey, and had been on the stage at
Scarborough and Leeds. When he was about seventeen he went to London
with a sovereign in his pocket. He suffered extreme want, sleeping out
in the parks and streets, until he obtained employment as designer to a
theatrical costumier. He also drew posters and cartoons, and for about
two years worked for the _St Stephen's Review_, until he was advised to
go to Australia for his health. During the three years he spent there he
was attached to the _Sydney Bulletin_, for which many of his best
drawings were made. On his return to Europe he went to Paris by way of
Rome, where he worked hard for some time before he appeared in 1892 in
London to resume his interrupted connexion with the _St Stephen's
Review_. His studies of the London "guttersnipe" and the coster-girl
rapidly made him famous. His overflowing sense of fun, his genuine
sympathy with his subjects, and his kindly wit were on a par with his
artistic ability. It was often said that the extraordinary economy of
line which was a characteristic feature of his drawings had been forced
upon him by the deficiencies of the printing machines of the _Sydney
Bulletin_. It was in fact the result of a laborious process which
involved a number of preliminary sketches, and of a carefully considered
system of elimination. His later work included some excellent political
portraits. He became a regular member of the staff of _Punch_ in 1896,
and in his later years his services were retained exclusively for
_Punch_ and the _Graphic_.
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