(b) With the accounts of the words of Jesus spoken on certain
occasions, which our first evangelist found given in one or another of
his sources, he has combined other pieces, taken from other parts of
the same source or from different sources, which seemed to him
connected in subject, e.g. into the discourse spoken on a mountain,
when crowds from all parts were present, given in the Logian document,
he has introduced some pieces which, as we infer from Luke, stood
separately in that document (cf. Matt. vi. 19-21 with Luke xii. 33,
34; Matt. vi. 22, 23 with Luke xi. 34-36; Matt. vi. 24 with Luke xvi.
13; Matt. vi. 25-34 with Luke xii. 22-32; Matt. vii. 7-11 with Luke
xi. 9-13). Again, the address to the Twelve in Mark vi. 7-11, which in
Matthew is combined with an address to disciples, from the Logian
document, is connected by Luke with the sending out of seventy
disciples (Luke x. 1-16). Our first evangelist has also added here
various other sayings (Matt. x. 17-39, 42). Again, with the Marcan
account of the charge of collusion with Satan and Christ's reply (Mark
iii. 22-30), the first evangelist (xii. 24-45) combines the parallel
account in the Logian document and adds Christ's reply to another
attack (Luke xi. 14-16, 17-26, 29-32). These are some examples. He has
in all in this manner constructed eight discourses or collections of
sayings, into which the greater part of Christ's teaching is gathered:
(1) On the character of the heirs of the kingdom (v.-vii.); (2) The
Mission address (x.); (3) Teaching suggested by the message of John
the Baptist (xi.); (4) The reply to an accusation and a challenge
(xii. 22-45); (5) The teaching by parables (xiii.); (6) On offences
(xviii.); (7) Concerning the Scribes and Pharisees (xxiii.); (8) On
the Last Things (xxiv., xxv.). In this arrangement of his material the
writer has in many instances disregarded chronological considerations.
But his documents also gave only very imperfect indications of the
occasions of many of the utterances; and the result of his method of
procedure has been to give us an exceedingly effective representation
of the teaching of Jesus.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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