Notwithstanding all these calamities the Mauritians, especially the Indo-Mauritians, have succeeded in maintaining the position of the colony as an important sugar-producing country. _Dependencies._--Dependent upon Mauritius and forming part of the colony are a number of small islands scattered over a large extent of the Indian Ocean. Of these the chief is Rodriguez (q.v.), 375 m. east of Mauritius. Considerably north-east of Rodriguez lie the Oil Islands or Chagos archipelago, of which the chief is Diego Garcia (see CHAGOS). The Cargados, Carayos or St Brandon islets, deeps and shoals, lie at the south end of the Nazareth Bank about 250 m. N.N.E. of Mauritius. Until 1903 the Seychelles, Amirantes, Aldabra and other islands lying north of Madagascar were also part of the colony of Mauritius. In the year named they were formed into a separate colony (see SEYCHELLES). Two islands, Farquhar and Coetivy, though geographically within the Seychelles area, remained dependent on Mauritius, being owned by residents in that island. In 1908, however, Coetivy was transferred to the Seychelles administration. Amsterdam and St Paul, uninhabited islands in the South Indian Ocean, included in an official list of the dependencies of Mauritius drawn up in 1880, were in 1893 annexed by France. The total population of the dependencies of Mauritius was estimated in 1905 at 5400. AUTHORITIES.--F. Leguat, _Voyages et aventures en deux isles désertes des Indes orientales_ (Eng. trans., _A New Voyage to the East Indies_; London, 1708); Prudham, "England's Colonial Empire," vol. i., _The Mauritius and its Dependencies_ (1846); C. P. Lucas, _A Historical Geography of the British Colonies_, vol. i. (Oxford, 1888); Ch. Grant, _History of Mauritius, or the Isle of France and Neighbouring Islands_ (1801); J. Milbert, _Voyage pittoresque à l'Île-de-France, &c._, 4 vols. (1812); Aug. Billiard, _Voyage aux colonies orientales_ (1822); P. Beaton, _Creoles and Coolies, or Five Years in Mauritius_ (1859); Paul Chasteau, _Histoire et description de l'île Maurice_ (1860); F. P. Flemyng, _Mauritius, or the Isle of France_ (1862); Ch. J. Boyle, _Far Away, or Sketches of Scenery and Society in Mauritius_ (1867); L. Simonin, _Les Pays lointains, notes de voyage (Maurice, &c.)_ (1867); N. Pike, _Sub-Tropical Rambles in the Land of the Aphanapteryx_ (1873); A. R. Wallace. "The Mascarene Islands," in ch. xi. vol. i. of _The Geographical Distribution of Animals_ (1876); K. Möbius, F. Richter and E. von Martens, _Beiträge zur Meeresfauna der Insel Mauritius und der Seychellen_ (Berlin, 1880); G. Clark, _A Brief Notice of the Fauna of Mauritius_ (1881); A. d'Épinay, _Renseignements pour servir à l'histoire de l'Île de France jusqu'à 1810_ (Mauritius, 1890); N. Decotter, _Geography of Mauritius and its Dependencies_ (Mauritius, 1892); H. de Haga Haig, "The Physical Features and Geology of Mauritius" in vol.